Pharmacy is known as a branch related to healthcare services [Stubbings, 2011]. According to the features of

Purpose/Background: Depressive disorder or mental cold is the most common mental disorder, and depression exists all over the world and in all countries and cultures. The results of several studies have shown that using compounds with antioxidant properties has been fruitful in patients with depression. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble antioxidant and exerts its antioxidant effect by directly neutralizing free radicals or reducing tocopherol and preventing the inhibition of mitochondrial activity because of oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral CoQ10 in patients with depression as an adjunctive treatment. Methods/Procedures: Sixty-nine patients with moderate and severe depression were randomly divided into 2 CoQ10 groups (36) and placebo (33). The first group of patients received CoQ10 supplements at a dose of 200 mg daily for 8 weeks along with standard interventions and treatments for depression, and the second group received standard treatments for depression along with a placebo. The change in the score of Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale depression scale was evaluated 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention. Also, at baseline and 8 weeks later at the end of the study, serum levels of total antioxidant capacity, total thiol groups, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and interleukin 6 were assessed. Findings/Results: The changes in the depression score at the end of the study showed that, in the group receiving the CoQ10 supplement after 8 weeks, there was a reduction in depression symptoms, which was statistically significant compared with before the start of the study Meanwhile, no significant changes were observed in the patients of the placebo group in terms of symptom reduction. Compared with baseline and the placebo condition, serum levels of nitric oxide and total thiol groups significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Also, no statistically significant changes were observed for interleukin 6, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity. Implications/Conclusions: A dose of 200 mg of CoQ10 supplement daily for 8 weeks can reduce depression and fatigue, as well as improve the quality of life of patients with depression. In addition, CoQ10 can significantly improve inflammation and oxidative stress status in patients with depression.

Abstract: Diarrhea disease is one of the most important problem which leads to mortality and morbidity in under developing country. Pharmacists play an important role in providing health services to local communities for this common health issues. The purpose of our study was to assess diarrhea related attitude and knowledge of pharmacist in Iran. This study has been performed in Iranian Pharmacist Association congress in2012. This is conducted as a questionnaire base, in 100 randomly Persian pharmacists, consists of questions about demographic data of pharmacists such as age, sex, college, year of study, attitude and knowledge of pharmacists on management of acute diarrhea. Pharmacists believed that it was important to ask about the age of patients (98%), initiation (98%) and frequency (95%) of diarrhea, blood (90%) in diarrhea, other symptoms such as fever or pain (95%) as well as recent foods consumption (91%). However there was a significance differences between male and female pharmacist about their diarrhea knowledge. Among pharmacists, 75% asked about the recent travel and 63% asked about other affected family members .Most pharmacists (78) dispensed ORS for the pediatric acute diarrhea. However, some believed in recommending ORS+ antimotility drugs (9%), ORS+ antismaspolitic (11%) and ORS + antibiotics (2 %). Although iranian pharmacist were in a good attitude however the rule of periodic studies should highlighted.

Aim: This cross sectional case-control study evaluated the serum carnitine level in children with urinary tract infection (UTI). Background: Acute pyelonephritis (APN), is a common bacterial infection of upper urinary tract in children which may also lead to renal damage and tubular atrophy. Activation of inflammatory mediator bedside alterations in the cytokines and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a striking role in the development of tissue damage after pyelonephritis. L-carnitine as one of the most potent natural antioxidant agent by inhibition of lipid peroxidation may protect cells and tissues from damage. Methods: A total of 30children with UTI (as a case group) and 30 healthy children (as a control group) which matched as age and sex were enrolled in this study. All children were evaluated and compared as age, sex, weight, body mass index (BMI) and serum carnitine level together. Serum carnitine level wasdetermined using serum carnitine ELISA kit. Results: Demographic and clinical data such as age, sex, weight and BMI were not statistically significant between two groups. The serum carnitine levels were significantly lower in case group with UTI than control group. Mean serum carnitine concentration in the case group and in control group was 36.56 ± 9.87 μmol/l and 62.8±21.35 respectively (P = 0.001). Conclusion: According to our study, it could be concluded that low serum L-carnitine level is linked to UTI in children. Therefore, further studies are needed to confirm our results.

Background: Up to know, limited and contradictory results have been published about the role of prognostic values of lipid profile and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of lipid profile and PCSK9 in patients with PD and compare it with healthy individuals. Methods: In this case-control study, 31 individuals diagnosed with PD were compared with 31 healthy individuals. The lipid profile and PCSK9 of research participants were measured and the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS software. The P-values smaller than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The mean age of participants in the PD and control group was 56.9 ± 8.8 and 53.7 ± 10.1 years, respectively (P > 0.050). 27 individuals (87.1%) in the PD group and 13 individuals (41.9%) in the control group were men. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (84.2 ± 24.9 ml/dl vs. 105.5 ± 16.8, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level (45.5 ± 8.7 ml/dl vs. 51.1 ± 9.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001), and total cholesterol (155.3 ± 31.2 ml/dl vs. 192.8 ± 32.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001) were lower and triglyceride (TG) level was higher in the PD group (133.3 ± 79.3 ml/dl vs. 131.2 ± 58.6 ml/dl, P = 0.900) compared with the control group. significant difference was found (141.6 ± 70.0 vs. 129.7 ± 51.0 ng/ml, P = 0.500) compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, there was no relation between PCSK9 and severity of PD. Conclusion: Our findings showed that individuals with PD had lower levels of HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol compared with the control group. However, higher concentrations of PCSK9 were observed in patients with PD compared with healthy volunteers.