Exergaming, a new type of sport, combined with virtual reality, has provided new opportunities for the aging population. This study analyzed the differences in leisure constraints, participation benefits, and continuous participation intention in virtual golf (represented as an exergame) depending on the participants’ ages. Data collection was conducted from August 2023 to November 2023. A quantitative research design and a convenience sampling method were employed, targeting 310 regular virtual golf participants aged 20 years or older in the Republic of Korea. For comparative analysis, the survey participants were segmented into three groups: Group 1, young adults (18–35 years); Group 2, middle-aged adults (36–55 years); and Group 3, older adults (56–69 years). To compare and analyze participation behaviors in virtual golf, the dependent variables were identified: (a) leisure constraints (four factors) to limit formation and participation in leisure; (b) participation benefits (four factors) to encourage participation in leisure; and (c) continuous participation intention (single factor) to show likelihood to participate in leisure in the future. The results revealed that the young adult group showed statistically high results for costs under leisure constraints (F = 14.949, p < 0.001, η_p² = 0.089), and the older adult group reported statistically high results in physical (F = 9.346, p < 0.001, η_p² = 0.057) and mental (F = 7.249, p < 0.001, η_p² = 0.045) participation benefits and continuous participation intention (F = 6.486, p < 0.01, η_p² = 0.041). This study confirmed that virtual golf using advanced technology brings physical and mental benefits to older people based on reasonable cost and enables continuous participation in physical activity.

(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the influence of seller trust on the purchase intention of consumers of used golf clubs in the context of increasing C2C transactions and further explore the interaction effect of regulatory focus. (2) Methods: Data were collected from 200 participants who had experience purchasing golf clubs through the Carrot Market platform, employing a 2 × 2 experimental design. An independent samples t-test was utilized to examine the effect of seller trust on purchase intention, followed by a two-way analysis of variance to assess the interaction effect of regulatory focus. (3) Results: The results revealed a significant difference in purchase intention based on seller trust, with higher purchase intentions observed when seller trust was high compared to when it was low. Additionally, the interaction effect of regulatory focus was found to be significant in the impact of seller trust on golf club purchase intention. Specifically, when seller trust was high, no significant differences were observed among control focus groups. However, when seller trust was low, promotion-focused consumers exhibited higher purchase intentions than prevention-focused consumers. (4) Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of seller trust in the context of an expanding market for online second-hand trading platforms.

Purpose: It is not uncommon to see athletes naturalize in different countries to compete in international sports events, such as the Olympic Games and FIFA World Cup. While much literature has dealt with the discourse of this population, most of their subjects had no relationships with the countries of naturalization. The purpose of this study is to extend previous naturalized athlete literature by comparing the discourse surrounding a naturalized basketball athlete, Ra, who had been playing in South Korea for five years before he naturalized in South Korea, before and after his naturalization to South Korea. Design/methodology/approach: This study used Fairclough's critical discourse analysis and latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling technique to explore the changes in discourses surrounding Ra. Findings: This study found that supportive discourse toward Ra continued before and after his naturalization, with the formation of new discourses on Ra's racist experiences after his naturalization. Originality/value: This study added to naturalization and discourse literature by providing another case of the media's role in creating supportive discourse to tackle social wrongs.