Ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) is an anti-Parkinson drug with relativity low oral bioavailability owing to its extensive hepatic first pass metabolism. Spray-dried mucoadhesive alginate microspheres of RH were developed and characterized followed by histopathological evaluation using nasal tissue isolated from sheep. Spherical microparticles having high product yield (around 70%) were obtained when the inlet temperature of spray drying was 140 °C. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with the polymer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that drug-loaded microparticles were spherical, and the apparent surface roughness was inversely related to the ratio of polymer to drug. Furthermore, size of the spray-dried particles were in the range of 2.5 - 4.37 µm, depending on formulation. All formulations had high drug encapsulation efficiencies (101 - 106%). Drug loaded into the polymeric particles was in the amorphous state and drug molecules were molecularly dispersed in the polymeric matrix of the microparticles which were revealed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The in vitro drug release was influenced by polymer concentration. Histopathological study demonstrated that RH-loaded sodium alginate microparticles was safe to nasal epithelium. In conclusion, spray drying of RH using sodium alginate polymer has produced microparticles of suitable characteristics for potential intranasal administration.

A challenge involving the lasting usage of organic compounds is problematic worldwide, with scientists finding ways to solve it. This study explores the effects of repeated recycling on the mechanical, thermal, and structural properties of organic material polypropylene (PP) crates with and without antioxidant additives. In the laboratory, ten batches were created: virgin PP, PP made from mechanical recycling of organic compounds and PP with Arenox A-10 as an antioxidant. Characterisation involved tensile and impact tests, Melt Flow Index (MFI), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and FTIR spectroscopy. Results indicated that reprocessing increased MFI values (6.72 to 9.01 g/10 min) due to chain scission, while antioxidant addition mitigated degradation, preserving tensile strength (20–22 MPa) and improving impact resistance (45–58 kJ/m²). Both DSC and FTIR tests revealed that recycled PP and virgin PP have the same stability and composition. With antioxidant treatment, organic recycled PP is effective in several industrial uses and supports cost-efficiency for the environment and economy in many sectors such as construction, pipes and the automotive industry.