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Gait is influenced by many factors, but one of the most prominent ones is shoe heel height. Optical motion tracking technology is widely used to analyze high-heeled gait, but it normally involves several high-quality cameras and licensed software, so clinics and researchers with low budgets cannot afford them. This article presents a simple, effective technique to measure the rotation angles on the sagittal plane of the ankle (tibiotalar) and toe (metatarsophalangeal) joints when no shoes (0 cm heel) and high-heeled shoes (2, 6 and 10 cm heels) are worn. The foot’s position was determined by a set of equations based on its geometry and video analysis techniques with free software (Tracker). An evaluation of the spatio-temporal variables confirmed observations from previous studies: increasing heel heights reduces gait cycle length and speed but does not change cadence. The range of movement at the tibiotalar joint progressively narrowed from 28° when no heel height was worn to 9° when a 10 cm heel was used, and these reductions ranged from 30° to 5° for metatarsophalangeal joints, respectively. This aligns with other authors’ previous studies, and confirms that the proposed method accurately measures kinematic ankle–foot set changes when wearing high heels.
Jose Velázquez; Arsenio Iznaga-Benítez; Amanda Robau-Porrúa; Francisco Sáez-Gutiérrez; Francisco Cavas. New Affordable Method for Measuring Angular Variations Caused by High Heels on the Sagittal Plane of Feet Joints during Gait. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5605 .
AMA StyleJose Velázquez, Arsenio Iznaga-Benítez, Amanda Robau-Porrúa, Francisco Sáez-Gutiérrez, Francisco Cavas. New Affordable Method for Measuring Angular Variations Caused by High Heels on the Sagittal Plane of Feet Joints during Gait. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (12):5605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Velázquez; Arsenio Iznaga-Benítez; Amanda Robau-Porrúa; Francisco Sáez-Gutiérrez; Francisco Cavas. 2021. "New Affordable Method for Measuring Angular Variations Caused by High Heels on the Sagittal Plane of Feet Joints during Gait." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12: 5605.
The use of composite materials has shown steady growth in recent years due to their excellent specific mechanical properties and the possibility to reduce the weight of vehicles without impairing their safety and comfort. Continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP) show dynamic, acoustic, and damping properties far superior to steel and can be recycled and repaired. Their excellent properties make CFRTP good candidates for anti-vibration and shock absorbing components, however, out-of-plane mechanical properties hinder the anchoring to the vehicle’s body by means of bolted connections. The results obtained in this study show how the maximum torque that can be applied without cracks or breakage phenomena is lower than in standard steel joints. Although the preload’s value is admissible, this one is reduced over time due to relaxation phenomena associated with the viscoelastic behaviour of thermoplastic matrix. The results obtained can be improved with the integration of metal inserts in connections’ areas. In this study, a case study of a gear mount replacing the steel core with CFRTP reinforced with inserts is carried out. The results show a reduction above 50% in weight, opening the possibility of lighter structures in the automotive sector.
Daniel Tobalina-Baldeon; Felix Sanz-Adán; Marian Martinez-Calvo; Carmelo Gómez; Inigo Sanz-Pena; Francisco Cavas. Feasibility Analysis of Bolted Joints with Composite Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastics. Polymers 2021, 13, 1904 .
AMA StyleDaniel Tobalina-Baldeon, Felix Sanz-Adán, Marian Martinez-Calvo, Carmelo Gómez, Inigo Sanz-Pena, Francisco Cavas. Feasibility Analysis of Bolted Joints with Composite Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastics. Polymers. 2021; 13 (12):1904.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Tobalina-Baldeon; Felix Sanz-Adán; Marian Martinez-Calvo; Carmelo Gómez; Inigo Sanz-Pena; Francisco Cavas. 2021. "Feasibility Analysis of Bolted Joints with Composite Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastics." Polymers 13, no. 12: 1904.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a different and abnormal corneal profile is present in Down syndrome (DS) by personalized three-dimensional (3D) modelling. This single-centre cross-sectional study included 43 patients with DS (43 eyes) and 58 age-sex-matched control subjects (58 eyes) with normal karyotype and topography. Refraction, central corneal thickness (CCT), aberrations (high-order, coma and spherical), asphericity and morphogeometric/volumetric parameters based on a 3D corneal model that was generated from raw topographical data were evaluated. Deviation of anterior/posterior apex (Dapexant/Dapexpost) and thinnest point (Dmctant/Dmctpost) from corneal vertex, anterior/posterior surface area (Aant/Apost), sagittal area passing through the anterior/posterior apex (Aapexant/Aapexpost) and thinnest point (Amctpost), total corneal volume (Vtotal) and volumetric progression for each 0.05 mm step of the radius value centred to the thinnest point (VOLMCT) and anterior/posterior apex (VOLAAP/VOLPAP) comprised the morphogeometric/volumetric parameters. In the DS group, 58.1% of the eyes presented abnormal topography. High-order and coma aberrations, asphericity, Dapexant, Aant, Apost and Aapexant were significantly higher, whereas CCT, Aapexpost, Amctpost, Vtotal, VOLAAP, VOLPAP and VOLMCT were lower in the DS group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Dapexpost did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05). This study demonstrates that corneas of the subjects with DS are different and more aberrated than those of normal age- and sex-matched non-DS controls. Anterior corneal apex appears to be displaced in DS even with normal topography, while posterior apex seems stable although topography is abnormal. These findings may help to modify our approach in the diagnosis of keratopathy in subjects with DS.
Ibrahim Toprak; Francisco Cavas; Alfredo Vega; José Velázquez; Jorge Alio del Barrio; Jorge Alio. Evidence of a Down Syndrome Keratopathy: A Three-Dimensional (3-D) Morphogeometric and Volumetric Analysis. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2021, 11, 82 .
AMA StyleIbrahim Toprak, Francisco Cavas, Alfredo Vega, José Velázquez, Jorge Alio del Barrio, Jorge Alio. Evidence of a Down Syndrome Keratopathy: A Three-Dimensional (3-D) Morphogeometric and Volumetric Analysis. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11 (2):82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIbrahim Toprak; Francisco Cavas; Alfredo Vega; José Velázquez; Jorge Alio del Barrio; Jorge Alio. 2021. "Evidence of a Down Syndrome Keratopathy: A Three-Dimensional (3-D) Morphogeometric and Volumetric Analysis." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 2: 82.
The aim of this work was to show the evolution over time of the dynamic moduli in components made of Polybutylene Terephthalate reinforced with glass fiber when they are held to temperatures close to the glass transition temperature over time. For this purpose, PBT samples reinforced with short, glass fibers of Ultradur® material with 0%, 20%, and 50% in weight content were tested. Dynamic moduli showed an increment with glass fiber content showing a nonlinear behavior with the temperature. The evolution of storage modulus was depicted by means of a modified law of mixtures with an effectiveness factor depending on temperature and fiber content, whereas the evolution over time was obtained with a time–temperature transformation generated with the TTS Data Analysis software of TA-instruments for a given temperature. Storage modulus showed a linear relationship with glass fiber content when components were held to temperatures near to their respective glass transition temperature, obtained from the maximum of loss modulus curve with temperature. In summary, the value and evolution of dynamic moduli of PBT samples improved with glass fiber content, allowing us to increase the durability of components when they are submitted to high-temperature environments.
Carmelo Gómez; Jorge Mira; Francisco Carrión-Vilches; Francisco Cavas. Dynamic Moduli of Polybutylene Terephthalate Glass Fiber Reinforced in High-Temperature Environments. Materials 2021, 14, 483 .
AMA StyleCarmelo Gómez, Jorge Mira, Francisco Carrión-Vilches, Francisco Cavas. Dynamic Moduli of Polybutylene Terephthalate Glass Fiber Reinforced in High-Temperature Environments. Materials. 2021; 14 (3):483.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarmelo Gómez; Jorge Mira; Francisco Carrión-Vilches; Francisco Cavas. 2021. "Dynamic Moduli of Polybutylene Terephthalate Glass Fiber Reinforced in High-Temperature Environments." Materials 14, no. 3: 483.
The aerospace sector is one of the main economic drivers that strengthens our present, constitutes our future and is a source of competitiveness and innovation with great technological development capacity. In particular, the objective of manufacturers on assembly lines is to automate the entire process by using digital technologies as part of the transition toward Industry 4.0. In advanced manufacturing processes, artificial vision systems are interesting because their performance influences the liability and productivity of manufacturing processes. Therefore, developing and validating accurate, reliable and flexible vision systems in uncontrolled industrial environments is a critical issue. This research deals with the detection and classification of fasteners in a real, uncontrolled environment for an aeronautical manufacturing process, using machine learning techniques based on convolutional neural networks. Our system achieves 98.3% accuracy in a processing time of 0.8 ms per image. The results reveal that the machine learning paradigm based on a neural network in an industrial environment is capable of accurately and reliably estimating mechanical parameters to improve the performance and flexibility of advanced manufacturing processing of large parts with structural responsibility.
Leandro Ruiz; Manuel Torres; Alejandro Gómez; Sebastián Díaz; José M. González; Francisco Cavas. Detection and Classification of Aircraft Fixation Elements during Manufacturing Processes Using a Convolutional Neural Network. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6856 .
AMA StyleLeandro Ruiz, Manuel Torres, Alejandro Gómez, Sebastián Díaz, José M. González, Francisco Cavas. Detection and Classification of Aircraft Fixation Elements during Manufacturing Processes Using a Convolutional Neural Network. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (19):6856.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeandro Ruiz; Manuel Torres; Alejandro Gómez; Sebastián Díaz; José M. González; Francisco Cavas. 2020. "Detection and Classification of Aircraft Fixation Elements during Manufacturing Processes Using a Convolutional Neural Network." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19: 6856.
The morphogeometric analysis of the corneal structure has become a clinically relevant diagnostic procedure in keratoconus (KC) as well as the in vivo evaluation of the corneal biomechanical properties. However, the relationship between these two types of metrics is still not well understood. The current study investigated the relationship of corneal morphogeometry and volume with two biomechanical parameters: corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF), both provided by an Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert). It included 109 eyes from 109 patients (aged between 18 and 69 years) with a diagnosis of keratoconus (KC) who underwent a complete eye examination including a comprehensive corneal topographic analysis with the Sirius system (CSO). With the topographic information obtained, a morphogeometric and volumetric analysis was performed, defining different variables of clinical use. CH and CRF were found to be correlated with these variables, but this correlation was highly influenced by corneal thickness. This suggests that the mechanical properties of KC cornea contribute only in a partial and limited manner to these biomechanical parameters, being mostly influenced by morphogeometry under normal intraocular pressure levels. This would explain the limitation of CH and CRF as diagnostic tools for the detection of incipient cases of KC.
Francisco Cavas; David Piñero; José S. Velázquez; Jorge Mira; Jorge L. Alió. Relationship between Corneal Morphogeometrical Properties and Biomechanical Parameters Derived from Dynamic Bidirectional Air Applanation Measurement Procedure in Keratoconus. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 640 .
AMA StyleFrancisco Cavas, David Piñero, José S. Velázquez, Jorge Mira, Jorge L. Alió. Relationship between Corneal Morphogeometrical Properties and Biomechanical Parameters Derived from Dynamic Bidirectional Air Applanation Measurement Procedure in Keratoconus. Diagnostics. 2020; 10 (9):640.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Cavas; David Piñero; José S. Velázquez; Jorge Mira; Jorge L. Alió. 2020. "Relationship between Corneal Morphogeometrical Properties and Biomechanical Parameters Derived from Dynamic Bidirectional Air Applanation Measurement Procedure in Keratoconus." Diagnostics 10, no. 9: 640.
Keratoconus is an ectatic disorder that is presently considered one of the most prevalent reasons for keratoplasty. Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is the only proven treatment option available that is capable of halting the progression of the disease by stabilizing the cone in 90% of cases, and by also reducing refractive error and maximal keratometry. This study assesses, by means of a 3D morphogeometric analysis procedure developed by our research team, the corneal structure changes that occur immediately after CXL treatment and during a 6 month follow-up period. A total of 19 eyes from 19 patients diagnosed with keratoconus who underwent CXL were included, and several variables derived from the morphogeometric analysis were calculated and evaluated for the pre-operative, 3 month postoperative, and 6 month postoperative states. Significant reductions were detected in central corneal thickness and corneal spherical-like root mean square (RMS) 3 months after surgery, with non-significant regression of the effect afterward. Significant reductions in the total corneal area/volume were found, with some levels of regression after 6 months in certain volumetric parameters. In conclusion, the eyes with higher values for morphogeometric parameters—posterior apex deviation (PAD), anterior minimum thickness point deviation (AMTPD), and posterior minimum thickness point deviation (PMTPD)—seemed more likely to undergo aberrometric improvement as a result of CXL surgery.
Ramón Alifa; David Piñero; José Velázquez; Jorge Alió del Barrio; Francisco Cavas; Jorge L. Alió. Changes in the 3D Corneal Structure and Morphogeometric Properties in Keratoconus after Corneal Collagen Crosslinking. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 397 .
AMA StyleRamón Alifa, David Piñero, José Velázquez, Jorge Alió del Barrio, Francisco Cavas, Jorge L. Alió. Changes in the 3D Corneal Structure and Morphogeometric Properties in Keratoconus after Corneal Collagen Crosslinking. Diagnostics. 2020; 10 (6):397.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamón Alifa; David Piñero; José Velázquez; Jorge Alió del Barrio; Francisco Cavas; Jorge L. Alió. 2020. "Changes in the 3D Corneal Structure and Morphogeometric Properties in Keratoconus after Corneal Collagen Crosslinking." Diagnostics 10, no. 6: 397.
Purpose To assess the efficacy of morphogeometric and volumetric characterization of the cornea based on three‐dimensional (3‐D) modelling in diagnosis of subclinical keratoconus (KC). Methods Cross‐sectional study. Ninety‐three eyes with subclinical KC with a best spectacle‐corrected distance visual acuity ≥20/20 (grade zero KC according to the RETICS classification) and 109 control eyes were included. Computer‐based 3‐D corneal morphogeometric model was generated using raw topographic data. Distance‐, area‐ and volume‐based parameters were used for statistical analysis. Distance parameters included deviation of anterior (Dapexant)/posterior (Dapexpost) apices and minimum thickness points (Dmctant, Dmctpost) from corneal vertex, and Dapexant‐Dapexpost difference. Areal variables were derived from anterior (Aant) and posterior (Apost) corneal surfaces, sagittal plane passing through corneal apices (Aapexant, Aapexpost) and thinnest point (Amctant, Amctpost). Total corneal volume (Vtotal) and volumetric distribution (with 0.1mm steps) centred to thinnest corneal point (VOLmct) and anterior (VOLaap)/posterior (VOLpap) apices comprised the volume‐based parameters. Results In the subclinical KC group, all D values, Dapexant‐Dapexpost difference, Aant, Apost and Aapexant values were higher (p < 0.001), while Aapexpost, Amctpost, Vtotal, VOLmct, VOLaap and VOLpap values were lower when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Regression analysis‐based formula correctly classified 96.8% of the eyes with subclinical KC and 94.5% of the normal ones (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Eyes with subclinical KC seem to represent asymmetrically displaced anterior and posterior corneal apex, corneal thinning and volume loss. 3‐D morphogeometric and volumetric parameters and differentiation formula can be incorporated into topography software to detect subclinical KC with high sensitivity and specificity in clinical practice.
Ibrahim Toprak; Francisco Cavas; José S. Velázquez; Jorge L. Alio Del Barrio; Jorge L. Alio. Subclinical keratoconus detection with three‐dimensional (3‐D) morphogeometric and volumetric analysis. Acta Ophthalmologica 2020, 98, 1 .
AMA StyleIbrahim Toprak, Francisco Cavas, José S. Velázquez, Jorge L. Alio Del Barrio, Jorge L. Alio. Subclinical keratoconus detection with three‐dimensional (3‐D) morphogeometric and volumetric analysis. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2020; 98 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIbrahim Toprak; Francisco Cavas; José S. Velázquez; Jorge L. Alio Del Barrio; Jorge L. Alio. 2020. "Subclinical keratoconus detection with three‐dimensional (3‐D) morphogeometric and volumetric analysis." Acta Ophthalmologica 98, no. 8: 1.
The aim of this study is evaluating the influence of corneal geometry in the optical system’s aberrations, and its usefulness as diagnostic criterion for keratoconus.159 normal eyes (normal group, mean age 37.8 ± 11.6 years) and 292 eyes with the diagnosis of keratoconus (keratoconus group, mean age 42.2 ± 17.6 years) were included in this study. All eyes received a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination. A virtual 3D model of each eye was made using CAD software and different anatomical parameters related with surface and volume were measured. Statistically significant differences were found for all anatomical parameters (all p < 0.001). AUROC analysis showed that all parameters reached values above 0.7, with the exception of the total corneal surface area (TCSAA-S). In conclusion, the methodology explained in this research, that bases in anatomical parameters obtained from a virtual corneal model, allow to analyze the diagnostic value of corneal geometry correlation with optical aberrations in keratoconus pathology.
Jose Sebastián Velázquez; Francisco Cavas; Jose Miguel Bolarín; Jorge Alió. Comparison of Corneal Morphologic Parameters and High Order Aberrations in Keratoconus and Normal Eyes. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2020, 87 -97.
AMA StyleJose Sebastián Velázquez, Francisco Cavas, Jose Miguel Bolarín, Jorge Alió. Comparison of Corneal Morphologic Parameters and High Order Aberrations in Keratoconus and Normal Eyes. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2020; ():87-97.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Sebastián Velázquez; Francisco Cavas; Jose Miguel Bolarín; Jorge Alió. 2020. "Comparison of Corneal Morphologic Parameters and High Order Aberrations in Keratoconus and Normal Eyes." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 87-97.
The cornea is a complex hemispheric structure, made of collagen fibres that provide it a homogenous and stable geometry. During keratoconus disease, a loss of tenacity takes place in the collagen fibres that form the corneal structure, producing an alteration of its geometry, this is, a change of its curvature, and therefore, a loss of visual quality of patients. The geometric characterization of the hemispheric structure by means of biometric parameters is a very solid technique of diagnosis, based in a virtual 3D model, which has already been validated for several degrees of severity of keratoconus pathology. In this prospective comparative study, 93 corneas (50 healthy subjects and 43 patients with keratoconus with moderate visual limitation) were geometrically modelled. The results obtained in this work suggest that the best predictive biometric parameters are anterior corneal surface area and posterior apex deviation, and that the strongest correlation is produced between sagittal plane apex area in minimum thickness point and sagittal plane apex area. The studied biometric parameters have shown significant differences between groups. Therefore, the analysis of the biometric parameters that register the geometric decompensation that locally appear in a corneal region, as a response to the asymmetry produced during the development of keratoconus disease with a moderate visual impairment, is a new approach that may lead to a better understanding of the disease with this degree of optical limitation.
J. S. Velázquez-Blázquez; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco; J. Alió Del Barrio; J. L. Alió; F. Cavas-Martínez. Efficacy of Morpho-Geometrical Analysis of the Corneal Surfaces in Keratoconus Disease According to Moderate Visual Limitation. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations 2020, 263 -272.
AMA StyleJ. S. Velázquez-Blázquez, D. G. Fernández-Pacheco, J. Alió Del Barrio, J. L. Alió, F. Cavas-Martínez. Efficacy of Morpho-Geometrical Analysis of the Corneal Surfaces in Keratoconus Disease According to Moderate Visual Limitation. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations. 2020; ():263-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. S. Velázquez-Blázquez; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco; J. Alió Del Barrio; J. L. Alió; F. Cavas-Martínez. 2020. "Efficacy of Morpho-Geometrical Analysis of the Corneal Surfaces in Keratoconus Disease According to Moderate Visual Limitation." Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations , no. : 263-272.
This work pursues two objectives: defining a new concept of risk probability associated with suffering early-stage keratoconus, classifying disease severity according to the RETICS (Thematic Network for Co-Operative Research in Health) scale. It recruited 169 individuals, 62 healthy and 107 keratoconus diseased, grouped according to the RETICS classification: 44 grade I; 18 grade II; 15 grade III; 15 grade IV; 15 grade V. Different demographic, optical, pachymetric and eometrical parameters were measured. The collected data were used for training two machine-learning models: a multivariate logistic regression model for early keratoconus detection and an ordinal logistic regression model for RETICS grade assessments. The early keratoconus detection model showed very good sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC curve, with around 95% for training and 85% for validation. The variables that made the most significant contributions were gender, coma-like, central thickness, high-order aberrations and temporal thickness. The RETICS grade assessment also showed high-performance figures, albeit lower, with a global accuracy of 0.698 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.623–0.766. The most significant variables were CDVA, central thickness and temporal thickness. The developed web application allows the fast, objective and quantitative assessment of keratoconus in early diagnosis and RETICS grading terms.
José M. Bolarín; F. Cavas; J.S. Velázquez; J.L. Alió. A Machine-Learning Model Based on Morphogeometric Parameters for RETICS Disease Classification and GUI Development. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1874 .
AMA StyleJosé M. Bolarín, F. Cavas, J.S. Velázquez, J.L. Alió. A Machine-Learning Model Based on Morphogeometric Parameters for RETICS Disease Classification and GUI Development. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (5):1874.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé M. Bolarín; F. Cavas; J.S. Velázquez; J.L. Alió. 2020. "A Machine-Learning Model Based on Morphogeometric Parameters for RETICS Disease Classification and GUI Development." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5: 1874.
Purpose: Create a unique predictive model based on a set of demographic, optical, and geometric variables with two objectives: classifying keratoconus (KC) in its first clinical manifestation stages and establishing the probability of having correctly classified each case. Methods: We selected 178 eyes of 178 subjects (115 males; 64.6%; 63 females, 35.4%). Of these, 74 were healthy control subjects, and 104 suffered from KC according to the RETICS grading system (61 early KC, 43 mild KC). Only one eye from each patient was selected, and 27 different parameters were studied (demographic, clinical, pachymetric, and geometric). The data obtained were used in an ordinal logistic regression model programmed as a web application capable of using new patient data for real-time predictions. Results: EMKLAS, an early and mild KC classifier, showed good training performance figures, with 73% global accuracy and a 95% confidence interval of 65% to 79%. This classifier is particularly accurate when validated by an independent sample for the control (79%) and mild KC (80%) groups. The accuracy of the early KC group was remarkably lower (69%). The variables included in the model were age, gender, corrected distance visual acuity, 8-mm corneal diameter, and posterior minimum thickness point deviation. Conclusions: Our web application allows fast, objective, and quantitative assessment of early and mild KC in detection and classification terms and assists ophthalmology professionals in diagnosing this disease. Translational Relevance: No single gold standard exists for detecting and classifying preclinical KC, but the use of our web application and EMKLAS score may aid the decision-making process of doctors.
Jose S. Velázquez-Blázquez; José M. Bolarín; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Jorge L. Alió. EMKLAS: A New Automatic Scoring System for Early and Mild Keratoconus Detection. Translational Vision Science & Technology 2020, 9, 30 -30.
AMA StyleJose S. Velázquez-Blázquez, José M. Bolarín, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, Jorge L. Alió. EMKLAS: A New Automatic Scoring System for Early and Mild Keratoconus Detection. Translational Vision Science & Technology. 2020; 9 (2):30-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose S. Velázquez-Blázquez; José M. Bolarín; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Jorge L. Alió. 2020. "EMKLAS: A New Automatic Scoring System for Early and Mild Keratoconus Detection." Translational Vision Science & Technology 9, no. 2: 30-30.
Additive manufacturing is a vanguard technology that is currently being used in several fields in medicine. This study aims to evaluate the viability in clinical practice of a patient-specific 3D model that helps to improve the strategies of the doctor-patient assistance. Data obtained from a corneal topographer were used to make a virtual 3D model by using CAD software, to later print this model by FDM and get an exact replica of each patient’s cornea in consultation. Used CAD and printing software were open-source, and the printing material was biodegradable and its cost was low. Clinic users gave their feedback by means of a survey about their feelings when perceiving with their senses their own printed cornea. There was 82 surveyed, 73.8% (9.74; SD: 0.45) of them considered that the model had helped them a lot to understand their disease, expressing 100% of them their intention of taking home the printed model. The majority highlighted that this new concept improves both quality and clinical service in consultation. Custom-made individualized printed models allow a new patient-oriented perspective that may improve the communication strategy from the ophthalmologist to the patient, easing patient’s understanding of their asymmetric disease and its later treatment.
Jose S. Velázquez; Francisco Cavas; José M. Bolarín; Jorge L. Alió. 3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease. Symmetry 2020, 12, 151 .
AMA StyleJose S. Velázquez, Francisco Cavas, José M. Bolarín, Jorge L. Alió. 3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease. Symmetry. 2020; 12 (1):151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose S. Velázquez; Francisco Cavas; José M. Bolarín; Jorge L. Alió. 2020. "3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease." Symmetry 12, no. 1: 151.
Assessing changes suffered by the cornea as keratoconus progresses has proven to be vital for this disease diagnosis and treatment. This study determines the corneal biometric profile in eyes considered as affected by keratoconus (KC) showing severe visual limitation, by means of in vivo 3D modelling techniques. This observational case series study evaluated new objective indices in 50 healthy and 30 KC corneas, following a validated protocol created by our research group, which has been previously used for diagnosis and characterization of KC in asymptomatic (preclinical) and mild visually impaired eyes. Results show a statistically significant reduction of corneal volume and an increase of total corneal area in the severe KC group, being anterior and posterior corneal surfaces minimum thickness points the best correlated parameters, although with no discrimination between groups. Receiving operator curves were used to determine sensitivity and specificity of selected indices, being anterior and posterior apex deviations the ones which reached the highest area under the curve, both with very high sensitivity (96.7% and 90%, respectively) and specificity (94.0% and 99.9%, respectively). The results suggest that once severe visual loss appears, anterior corneal topography should be considered for a more accurate diagnosis of clinical KC, being anterior apex deviation the key metric discriminant. This study can be a useful tool for KC classification, helping doctors in diagnosing severe cases of the disease, and can help to characterize corneal changes that appear when severe KC is developed and how they relate with vision deterioration.
J. S. Velázquez; F. Cavas; J. Alió Del Barrio; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco; J. Alió. Assessment of the Association between In Vivo Corneal Morphogeometrical Changes and Keratoconus Eyes with Severe Visual Limitation. Journal of Ophthalmology 2019, 2019, 1 -7.
AMA StyleJ. S. Velázquez, F. Cavas, J. Alió Del Barrio, D. G. Fernández-Pacheco, J. Alió. Assessment of the Association between In Vivo Corneal Morphogeometrical Changes and Keratoconus Eyes with Severe Visual Limitation. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2019; 2019 ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. S. Velázquez; F. Cavas; J. Alió Del Barrio; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco; J. Alió. 2019. "Assessment of the Association between In Vivo Corneal Morphogeometrical Changes and Keratoconus Eyes with Severe Visual Limitation." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019, no. : 1-7.
One of the specific characteristics of design is shaping the visual appearance of products, but this feature is not valued in the same way as the functional aspect in some industrial areas. In this sense, this paper describes the real case of an industrial product (a filter housing) that was initially designed considering only functional and technical aspects. Over the years this product became a reference product in the agronomic field and also one of the most copied filters in the world. The company then opted for a new strategy: redesigning the external shape of the filter without losing any functional characteristics. The process of redesigning this new product was based on the use of analogies with nature as source of inspiration. As a result, an helicoidal shape describing the movement of the water inside the filter was the innovative and creative element that permitted to offer a new identity for this product, achieving an industrial design registration in some of the most influential countries in the world.
Dolores Parras-Burgos; Francisco J. F. Cañavate; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco. Nature Inspired Redesign of the Visual Appearance of an Industrial Product. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations 2019, 47 -58.
AMA StyleDolores Parras-Burgos, Francisco J. F. Cañavate, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco. Nature Inspired Redesign of the Visual Appearance of an Industrial Product. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations. 2019; ():47-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDolores Parras-Burgos; Francisco J. F. Cañavate; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco. 2019. "Nature Inspired Redesign of the Visual Appearance of an Industrial Product." Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations , no. : 47-58.
This paper analyzes the factorial and predictive validity of a Spanish adaptation of the College Persistence Questionnaire (SCPQ) on the retention of first year students (FYS) at university. The participants were 490 FYS from two public universities in Southern Europe (Spain). Factorial analysis of the SCPQ (χ2/gl = 1.66, CFI = 0.92, NNFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.04) showed six reliable dimensions, similar to those found in the original study: Academic Integration, Social Integration, Supportive Services Satisfaction, Academic Conscientiousness, Degree Commitment and Institutional Commitment. Logistic regression showed that institutional commitment significantly predicted FYS’ permanence. The results support SCPQ’s validity as an adequate and useful tool for assessing FYS’ academic experiences involved in student retention.
Rafael García-Ros; Francisco Pérez-Gónzalez; María Castillo Fuentes; Francisco Cavas-Martínez. Predicting First-Year College Student Retention: Validation of the College Persistence Questionnaire in a Spanish Sample. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4425 .
AMA StyleRafael García-Ros, Francisco Pérez-Gónzalez, María Castillo Fuentes, Francisco Cavas-Martínez. Predicting First-Year College Student Retention: Validation of the College Persistence Questionnaire in a Spanish Sample. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (16):4425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael García-Ros; Francisco Pérez-Gónzalez; María Castillo Fuentes; Francisco Cavas-Martínez. 2019. "Predicting First-Year College Student Retention: Validation of the College Persistence Questionnaire in a Spanish Sample." Sustainability 11, no. 16: 4425.
Nowadays, reverse engineering is used in multiple professional fields that impel to develop different processes for obtaining virtual objects from real objects. Moreover, the importance of providing students with basic knowledge in this type of data collection processes increases, but sometimes the most sophisticated tools are not available because of their high cost and level of knowledge. Among the types of scans that can be found for three-dimensional reconstruction, there is an alternative based on the photogrammetry whose method is denominated Image-based 3D Modeling and Rendering (IB3DMR), which uses a set of photographs in 2D to generate a three-dimensional digital model. With the aim of students learning the basics of scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction of objects, point clouds or mesh of an object, reverse engineering, exportation to other CAD formats and preparation of models for 3D printing, a series of activities with tools of low cost related to photogrammetry are proposed in this communication. This study was performed among students from three different subjects taught at the Technical University of Cartagena during the first term of the 2017/18 course: ‘Industrial Design’ and ‘Graphic Expression’ (both from the Degree in Mechanical Engineering), and ‘Graphic Expression’ (Degree in Industrial Technologies Engineering). The obtained results demonstrate a high level of satisfaction and interest in this type of methodologies during the academic education of the students. Using this type of tools prepares students in new technologies and applications that are increasingly being implemented in all professional fields of society. Universities must be prepared for these new challenges and offer them as a complement to their academic education.
Dolores Parras-Burgos; Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; José Nieto; Francisco J. F. Cañavate. Initiation to Reverse Engineering by Using Activities Based on Photogrammetry as New Teaching Method in University Technical Studies. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2019, 159 -176.
AMA StyleDolores Parras-Burgos, Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, José Nieto, Francisco J. F. Cañavate. Initiation to Reverse Engineering by Using Activities Based on Photogrammetry as New Teaching Method in University Technical Studies. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2019; ():159-176.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDolores Parras-Burgos; Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; José Nieto; Francisco J. F. Cañavate. 2019. "Initiation to Reverse Engineering by Using Activities Based on Photogrammetry as New Teaching Method in University Technical Studies." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 159-176.
One of the main problems that exist nowadays in agri-food industries, is making more flexible production lines in continuous bottling processes, regarding different geometries and sizes of glass receptacles (cap/bottle). Present communication analyses different commercial solutions that exist nowadays in the market, and basing on one of them, proposes a bottling machine that allows modifying its electro-mechanical bottling capacity in continuous processes for different glass container formats. This innovative machine concept will allow working continuously with three types of glass jars, depending on customers’ demands, reducing delay ratio derived from this kind of machines, associated with manual accessory change needed to adapt machine to the size of the container.
F. Cateura; J. S. Velázquez-Blázquez; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Dolores Parras Burgos; F. J. F. Cañavate; J. Nieto. New Bottling Machine for Different Glass Jar Geometries in Continuous Processes. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 659 -669.
AMA StyleF. Cateura, J. S. Velázquez-Blázquez, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, Dolores Parras Burgos, F. J. F. Cañavate, J. Nieto. New Bottling Machine for Different Glass Jar Geometries in Continuous Processes. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():659-669.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Cateura; J. S. Velázquez-Blázquez; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; Dolores Parras Burgos; F. J. F. Cañavate; J. Nieto. 2019. "New Bottling Machine for Different Glass Jar Geometries in Continuous Processes." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 659-669.
A surgical planning of tumor reconstructive surgery requires a multidisciplinary collaboration between the surgeon, the radiologist, the nuclear medicine doctor and the pathologist. Nowadays, this team has been incorporating other profiles not related to the health field, such as engineers and researchers that favor the use of new technologies such as virtual modeling or 3D printing. In this study we describe the different phases of surgical planning of four cases of musculoskeletal tumors (knee, pelvis, femur and humerus), in which the latest technology such as virtual modeling of the anatomy of patients, the design of surgical guides and 3D printing of all models have been used. With this type of planning, surgeons are helped by being able to analyze in a millimetric way the tumor, the bone, the soft tissue, the cutting areas and to foresee the possible complications that could arise during this type of surgical intervention.
D. Parras-Burgos; P. Puertas García-Sandoval; C. Baño Pedreño; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; F. J. F. Cañavate; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. Tumor Reconstructive Surgery Assisted by Scale Models Using 3D Printing. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 573 -582.
AMA StyleD. Parras-Burgos, P. Puertas García-Sandoval, C. Baño Pedreño, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, F. J. F. Cañavate, D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. Tumor Reconstructive Surgery Assisted by Scale Models Using 3D Printing. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():573-582.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Parras-Burgos; P. Puertas García-Sandoval; C. Baño Pedreño; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; F. J. F. Cañavate; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. 2019. "Tumor Reconstructive Surgery Assisted by Scale Models Using 3D Printing." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 573-582.
The design of a product is not an easy task; it must be a balanced combination of functionality, usability and aesthetics. The creative process of an industrial designer can be facilitated by the use of different sources during the search for ideas. Nature is full of geometries and movements that supply us with a great variety of forms and its use provides greater doses of empathy in the user-product relationship. This communication shows the process of designing urban furniture with bioinspired forms taken into account, in addition, other aspects such as ergonomics, sustainability, accessibility, etc., achieving an attractive, functional and ecological product.
D. Parras-Burgos; J. Hernández; J. S. Velázquez; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; F. J. F. Cañavate; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. Combined Urban Furniture Designed by a Bio-Inspired Approach. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 564 -572.
AMA StyleD. Parras-Burgos, J. Hernández, J. S. Velázquez, Francisco Cavas-Martínez, F. J. F. Cañavate, D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. Combined Urban Furniture Designed by a Bio-Inspired Approach. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():564-572.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Parras-Burgos; J. Hernández; J. S. Velázquez; Francisco Cavas-Martínez; F. J. F. Cañavate; D. G. Fernández-Pacheco. 2019. "Combined Urban Furniture Designed by a Bio-Inspired Approach." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 564-572.