We have developed and demonstrated a highly flexible P(VDF-TrFE) film-based energy harvesting device on a PDMS substrate, avoiding any complex composites and patterned structures. The structural and electrical properties of the P(VDF-TrFE) film was investigated using multiple characterization techniques and an optimized film of 7 µm thickness was used for the energy harvesting application. The device, with Ti/Ni metal contacts, was driven by a shaker providing an acceleration of 1.75 g, and frequencies varying from 5 to 30 Hz. The energy harvesting performance of the final fabricated device was tested using the shaker, and resulted in a maximum output capacitor voltage of 4.4 V, which successfully powered a set of 27 LEDs after several minutes of charging.

We report the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients (mid-turbinate swabs and exhaled breath aerosol samples) in concentrations as low as 60 copies/mL of the virus in seconds by electrical transduction of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein antigen via SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein antibodies immobilized on bilayer quasi-freestanding epitaxial graphene without gate or signal amplification. The sensor demonstrates the spike protein antigen detection in a concentration as low as 1 ag/mL. The heterostructure of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody/graphene-based sensor is developed through a simple and low-cost fabrication technique. Furthermore, sensors integrated into a portable testing unit distinguished B.1.1.7 variant positive samples from infected patients (mid-turbinate swabs and saliva samples, 4000–8000 copies/mL) with a response time of as fast as 0.6 s. The sensor is reusable, allowing for reimmobilization of the crosslinker and antibodies on the biosensor after desorption of biomarkers by NaCl solution or heat treatment above 40 °C.