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Hulin Huang
College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

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Research article
Published: 23 November 2020 in ACS Omega
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The flow fields in the power generation channel of a magnetohydrodynamic system, which uses a mixture of liquid metal as the power generation medium and a low-boiling-point working medium as the carrying medium, were numerically investigated in the present paper. The influences of the magnetic field intensity, void fraction, and bubble diameter were examined, respectively. The results indicate that an increase in the magnetic field intensity will enhance the turbulence intensity and may reduce the stability of the flow fields, whereas increasing the void fraction will contribute to better flow stability in the power generation channel. The effect of the bubble diameter on the flow field stability is negligible in the range of the study. In addition, it is found that the volume fraction of the gas phase exhibits an M-shape distribution by studying the variation of the slip velocity over time. This paper presents our latest findings and will provide a fundamental theory for future design and operation of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic systems.

ACS Style

Peng Lu; Riliang Fang; Qihang Ye; Hulin Huang. Numerical Research on the Flow Fields in the Power Generation Channel of a Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic System. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 31164 -31170.

AMA Style

Peng Lu, Riliang Fang, Qihang Ye, Hulin Huang. Numerical Research on the Flow Fields in the Power Generation Channel of a Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic System. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (48):31164-31170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng Lu; Riliang Fang; Qihang Ye; Hulin Huang. 2020. "Numerical Research on the Flow Fields in the Power Generation Channel of a Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic System." ACS Omega 5, no. 48: 31164-31170.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2020 in Mathematics
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In this article, the effects of swimming gyrotactic microorganisms for magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid using Darcy law are investigated. The numerical results of nonlinear coupled mathematical model are obtained by means of Successive Local Linearization Method. This technique is based on a simple notion of the decoupling systems of equations utilizing the linearization of the unknown functions sequentially according to the order of classifying the system of governing equations. The linearized equations, that developed a sequence of linear differential equations along with variable coefficients, were solved by employing the Chebyshev spectral collocation method. The convergence speed of the SLLM technique can be willingly upgraded by successive applying over relaxation method. The comparison of current study with available published literature has been made for the validation of obtained results. It is found that the reported numerical method is in perfect accord with the said similar methods. The results are displayed through tables and graphs.

ACS Style

Anwar Shahid; Hulin Huang; Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti; Lijun Zhang; Rahmat Ellahi. Numerical Investigation on the Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in Nanofluids through Porous Medium over a Stretched Surface. Mathematics 2020, 8, 380 .

AMA Style

Anwar Shahid, Hulin Huang, Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti, Lijun Zhang, Rahmat Ellahi. Numerical Investigation on the Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in Nanofluids through Porous Medium over a Stretched Surface. Mathematics. 2020; 8 (3):380.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anwar Shahid; Hulin Huang; Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti; Lijun Zhang; Rahmat Ellahi. 2020. "Numerical Investigation on the Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in Nanofluids through Porous Medium over a Stretched Surface." Mathematics 8, no. 3: 380.

Review
Published: 02 March 2020 in International Journal of Energy Research
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Modeling with optimization has become a ubiquitous practice in the field of Stirling engine. A plethora of studies in the literature is dedicated in developing a feasible optimized model that can precisely predict the performance of Stirling engine. Hence, the purpose of this article is to compile and expansively review the thermodynamic models and optimization efforts made in pursuit of performance enhancement of the Stirling engine. An extensive range of models available in the literature is painstakingly discussed. Likewise, a wide variety of available optimization techniques spanning from conventional experimental and univariate methods to more complex multiobjective optimization approach are critically reviewed. A comparative analysis of the models is carried out based on the accuracy of their predictability of the performance of Stirling engines. Results obtained from the models are validated through the experimental data of the GPU‐3 Stirling engine prototype. Several optimization techniques are investigated based on the effective and efficient optimization of operating and geometric parameters of the Stirling engine. The review concluded that the Comprehensive Polytropic Model of Stirling engine (CPMS) demonstrated better accuracy in comparison with other models. In addition, the multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) technique was found to be effective and computationally efficient.

ACS Style

Fawad Ahmed; Hulin Huang; Shoaib Ahmed; Xin Wang. A comprehensive review on modeling and performance optimization of Stirling engine. International Journal of Energy Research 2020, 44, 6098 -6127.

AMA Style

Fawad Ahmed, Hulin Huang, Shoaib Ahmed, Xin Wang. A comprehensive review on modeling and performance optimization of Stirling engine. International Journal of Energy Research. 2020; 44 (8):6098-6127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fawad Ahmed; Hulin Huang; Shoaib Ahmed; Xin Wang. 2020. "A comprehensive review on modeling and performance optimization of Stirling engine." International Journal of Energy Research 44, no. 8: 6098-6127.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Solar Energy
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Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) chalcogenide with natural-abundance, environment -friendly and impressive photovoltaic performance is promising material for kesterite thin film solar cell. In this paper, the effects of evaporated Sb layer on performance of flexible CZTSSe thin film solar cell are investigated. Systematic studies show that the quasi-liquid Sb2Se3 plays productive roles in promoting grain growth, subsequently volatilizes in the elevated selenization temperature without entering into the CZTSSe lattice. Obvious improvements in crystallinity, grain size, surface roughness, hole concentration and device performance are obtained after optimizing the thickness of Sb layer. The electrostatic potential fluctuation extracted from the PL results is found to decrease from 115.9 meV to 60.7 meV after introducing 20 nm evaporated Sb layer. Finally, 20 nm evaporated Sb layer takes effect to the fullest extent which shows a 69% increase in photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). The incorporation of Sb opens up access to opportunity in roll-to-roll process for thin film solar cells.

ACS Style

Luanhong Sun; Honglie Shen; Hulin Huang; Adil Raza; Qichen Zhao. Effect of evaporated Sb layer on performance of flexible CZTSSe thin film solar cell. Solar Energy 2019, 193, 267 -274.

AMA Style

Luanhong Sun, Honglie Shen, Hulin Huang, Adil Raza, Qichen Zhao. Effect of evaporated Sb layer on performance of flexible CZTSSe thin film solar cell. Solar Energy. 2019; 193 ():267-274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luanhong Sun; Honglie Shen; Hulin Huang; Adil Raza; Qichen Zhao. 2019. "Effect of evaporated Sb layer on performance of flexible CZTSSe thin film solar cell." Solar Energy 193, no. : 267-274.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2019 in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters
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Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect and heat transfer are two key issues for design of dual coolant lead lithium (DCLL) blanket. Flow channel insert (FCI) has been applied to decouple the liquid metal from the walls to efficiently decline MHD pressure drops and reduce heat losses from the liquid metal for increasing bulk exit temperatures of the blanket. However, there are still big pressure drops and a higher velocity jet located at the gap flow. Moreover, the FCI made from silicon carbide (SiC) constitutes a complex blanket structures which potentially causes special flow phenomena. In the present work, the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer in the DCLL blanket channel are investigated for the first wall (FW) sprayed a layer of no-wetting nano coating (NWNC) on its inner surface. The results show that the pressure drop with NWNC wall is one-order magnitude lower than that with FCI in the general DCLL blanket. The Nusselt number on the NWNC wall is about half of that on the general wall. On this basis, a heat transfer criterion equation of DCLL channel is achieved for the NWNC wall without FCI. The results are compared with that criterion equation of general wall conditions, which indicates the criterion equation can well predict the convection heat transfer of DCLL channel.

ACS Style

Hulin Huang; Shimou Yin; Guiping Zhu. Heat transfer performance for DCLL blanket with no-wetting insulator walls. Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters 2019, 9, 195 -201.

AMA Style

Hulin Huang, Shimou Yin, Guiping Zhu. Heat transfer performance for DCLL blanket with no-wetting insulator walls. Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2019; 9 (3):195-201.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hulin Huang; Shimou Yin; Guiping Zhu. 2019. "Heat transfer performance for DCLL blanket with no-wetting insulator walls." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters 9, no. 3: 195-201.

Research article
Published: 15 February 2019 in International Journal of Energy Research
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A new type of gas burner for Stirling engine that can recover adequate heat from exhaust gas was designed based on the plate heat exchanger and low‐swirl combustion technology, which consists of three components: a cyclone, a burner, and a circular plate heat exchanger. The circular plate heat exchanger tightly wound around the combustion chamber plays a high efficiency of heat recovery role. In consideration of the radial symmetry of the burner, a three‐dimensional numerical simulation was carried out by Ansys15. The velocity distribution, temperature distribution, and pressure distribution of the combustion gas were presented respectively. Strong backflow that came from the exhaust gas around the root of the flame in the combustion chamber and a vortex below the inlet of the exhaust gas channel were found, which were beneficial for the combustion and improving the uniformity of temperature distribution. Combustion behaviors of the burner under standard operating conditions were obtained, the highest temperature was about 2200 K in burner and the exhaust gas entered the plate heat exchanger at the temperature of 1375 K and exited at 464 K, with the waste heat recovery efficiency over 65.8%. And, the air‐fuel ratio and combustion power had negligible effect on the waste heat recovery efficiency.

ACS Style

Ge Gao; Hulin Huang; Ya Yang; Agu Damu. Performance simulation of a low-swirl burner for a Stirling engine. International Journal of Energy Research 2019, 43, 1815 -1826.

AMA Style

Ge Gao, Hulin Huang, Ya Yang, Agu Damu. Performance simulation of a low-swirl burner for a Stirling engine. International Journal of Energy Research. 2019; 43 (5):1815-1826.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ge Gao; Hulin Huang; Ya Yang; Agu Damu. 2019. "Performance simulation of a low-swirl burner for a Stirling engine." International Journal of Energy Research 43, no. 5: 1815-1826.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2018 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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Numerical modelling can significantly contribute to the performance enhancement and technological advancement of Stirling engines. In this paper, a practically feasible thermodynamic model was developed for beta type of Stirling engines with rhombic-drive mechanism. Quasi-steady flow approach was adopted to analyze the heat transfer and flow friction effects of the heater, cooler, and regenerator on the performance of engine. The numerical model predicts the output power and thermal efficiency while considering the pressure drop in heat exchangers and numerous power and thermal losses. A parametric study is utilized to investigate the impact of operating and geometric parameters on the power output and efficiency of the Stirling engine. A combination of optimized temperature ratio, swept volume, regenerator matrix porosity, phase angle, pressure and engine frequency are assessed. The optimized model is then compared and validated against the experimental data obtained from the General Motor’s prototype of GPU-3 Stirling engine. Substantial improvement on the performance of the engine is achieved by optimizing the operating and geometric parameters of the engine.

ACS Style

Fawad Ahmed; Huang Hulin; Aqib Mashood Khan. Numerical modeling and optimization of beta-type Stirling engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 149, 385 -400.

AMA Style

Fawad Ahmed, Huang Hulin, Aqib Mashood Khan. Numerical modeling and optimization of beta-type Stirling engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 149 ():385-400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fawad Ahmed; Huang Hulin; Aqib Mashood Khan. 2018. "Numerical modeling and optimization of beta-type Stirling engine." Applied Thermal Engineering 149, no. : 385-400.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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ACS Style

Hulin Huang; Yin Zhang; Guiping Zhu. Thermocapillary flow and free-surface deformation of liquid bridge under different magnetic fields. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 135, 83 -94.

AMA Style

Hulin Huang, Yin Zhang, Guiping Zhu. Thermocapillary flow and free-surface deformation of liquid bridge under different magnetic fields. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 135 ():83-94.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hulin Huang; Yin Zhang; Guiping Zhu. 2018. "Thermocapillary flow and free-surface deformation of liquid bridge under different magnetic fields." Applied Thermal Engineering 135, no. : 83-94.

Article
Published: 10 January 2018 in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
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A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generator system involves several subjects such as magnetohydrodynamics, plasma physics, material science, and structure mechanics. Therefore, the performance of the MHD power generator is affected by many factors, among which the load coefficient k is of great importance. This paper reveals the effect of some system parameters on the performance by three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation for a Faraday type MHD power generator using He/Xe as working plasma. The results show that average electrical conductivity increases first and then decreases with the addition of magnetic field intensity. Electrical conductivity reaches the maximum value of 11.05 S/m, while the applied magnetic field strength is B = 1.75 T. When B > 3T, the ionization rate along the midline well keeps stable, which indicates that the ionization rate and three-body recombination rate (three kinds of particles combining to two kinds of particles) are approximately equal, and the relatively stable plasma structure of the mainstream is preserved. Efficiency of power generation of the Faraday type channel increases with an increment of the load factor. However, enthalpy extraction first increases to a certain value, and then decreases with the load factor. The enthalpy extraction rate reaches the maximum when the load coefficient k equals 0.625, which is the best performance of the power generator channel with the maximum electricity production.

ACS Style

Hulin Huang; Linyong Li; Guiping Zhu; Lai Li. Performance investigation of plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generator. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2018, 39, 423 -436.

AMA Style

Hulin Huang, Linyong Li, Guiping Zhu, Lai Li. Performance investigation of plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generator. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. 2018; 39 (3):423-436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hulin Huang; Linyong Li; Guiping Zhu; Lai Li. 2018. "Performance investigation of plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generator." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 39, no. 3: 423-436.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2018 in Energies
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In this paper, numerical simulations are carried out to predict the performance of a new designed configuration of the disk magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator, which segments the generator into dozens of parts. The behaviors and characteristics of segments are mainly investigated with number of parts at 24, 36, 60, 72, 90 adopted Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The numerical results declared that these division generators approach more stable plasma ionization and better performance than that of the conventional disk MHD generator at the same working conditions. The optimal value can be reached when the angle is 5–10 degrees (36–72 parts). Due to the division of the generator, the internal resistance is larger than that of the conventional disk channel that causes the reduction of Faraday current, hence the Lorentz force, jθB, decreased. Therefore, the radial velocity increased and static pressure decreased. Consequently, the reduction of static pressure contributes to improvement to the plasma uniformity and ionization stability. Those features reveal that the designed configuration has the obvious advantage on raising energy conversion efficiency and power output.

ACS Style

Lai Li; Hu-Lin Huang; Gui-Ping Zhu. Numerical Simulations for a Partial Disk MHD Generator Performance. Energies 2018, 11, 127 .

AMA Style

Lai Li, Hu-Lin Huang, Gui-Ping Zhu. Numerical Simulations for a Partial Disk MHD Generator Performance. Energies. 2018; 11 (1):127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lai Li; Hu-Lin Huang; Gui-Ping Zhu. 2018. "Numerical Simulations for a Partial Disk MHD Generator Performance." Energies 11, no. 1: 127.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2017 in Energies
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Liquid metal MHD (Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic) systems can be employed to produce electricity from a wide range of heat resources. In such a system, a low-boiling organic fluid and a high-temperature liquid metal fluid mix. The former evaporates, and carries the latter to flow through an MHD channel, where the electricity is generated. The mixing process and the gas-liquid flow characteristics will have a significant effect on the power generating efficiency. In the present work, trifluorotrichloroethane (R113) was chosen as the organic fluid, and gallium (Ga) as the liquid metal, respectively. Numerical study was subsequently carried out on the gas-liquid flow and heat transfer in a self-designed spherical mixer. The effects of the main factors, including the inlet velocities and inlet temperatures of Ga and R113, were separately determined, with suggested values or ranges discussed in detail.

ACS Style

Peng Lu; Xingwen Zheng; Lulu Fang; Hulin Huang; Shu Xu; Yezhen Yu. Numerical Study of the Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Self-Designed Mixer for a Ga-R113 MHD System. Energies 2017, 10, 1629 .

AMA Style

Peng Lu, Xingwen Zheng, Lulu Fang, Hulin Huang, Shu Xu, Yezhen Yu. Numerical Study of the Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Self-Designed Mixer for a Ga-R113 MHD System. Energies. 2017; 10 (10):1629.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng Lu; Xingwen Zheng; Lulu Fang; Hulin Huang; Shu Xu; Yezhen Yu. 2017. "Numerical Study of the Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Self-Designed Mixer for a Ga-R113 MHD System." Energies 10, no. 10: 1629.

Journals
Published: 15 September 2017 in RSC Advances
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Thermal-fluid coupling characteristics of the air–oil two phase flow in a micro UAV bearing chamber are investigated.

ACS Style

Peng Lu; Xingwen Zheng; Wei Li; Peijie Yang; Hulin Huang; Yezhen Yu. A thermal-fluid coupling numerical study on the characteristics of air–oil two phase flow and heat transfer in a micro UAV bearing chamber. RSC Advances 2017, 7, 44598 -44604.

AMA Style

Peng Lu, Xingwen Zheng, Wei Li, Peijie Yang, Hulin Huang, Yezhen Yu. A thermal-fluid coupling numerical study on the characteristics of air–oil two phase flow and heat transfer in a micro UAV bearing chamber. RSC Advances. 2017; 7 (70):44598-44604.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng Lu; Xingwen Zheng; Wei Li; Peijie Yang; Hulin Huang; Yezhen Yu. 2017. "A thermal-fluid coupling numerical study on the characteristics of air–oil two phase flow and heat transfer in a micro UAV bearing chamber." RSC Advances 7, no. 70: 44598-44604.

Journal article
Published: 07 March 2017 in Journal of Heat Transfer
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An incompressible electrically conducting viscous fluid flow influenced by a local external magnetic field may develop vortical structures and eventually instabilities similar to those observed in flows around bluff bodies (such as circular cylinder), denominated magnetic obstacle. The present investigation analyzes numerically the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer around row of magnetic obstacles. The vortex structures of magnetic obstacles, heat transfer behaviors in the wake of magnetic obstacles, and flow resistance are analyzed at different Reynolds numbers. It shows that the flow behind magnetic obstacles contains four different regimes: (1) one pair of magnetic vortices, (2) three pairs namely, magnetic, connecting, and attached vortices, (3) smaller vortex shedding from the in-between magnetic obstacles, i.e., quasi-static, and (4) regular vortex shedding from the row of magnetic obstacles. Furthermore, downstream cross-stream mixing induced by the unstable wakes can enhance wall-heat transfer, and the maximum value of percentage heat transfer increment (HI) is equal to about 35%. In this case, the thermal performance factor is more than one.

ACS Style

Xidong Zhang; Guiping Zhu; Yin Zhang; Hongyan Wang; Hulin Huang. Influence of Reynolds Numbers on the Flow and Heat Transfer Around Row of Magnetic Obstacles. Journal of Heat Transfer 2017, 139, 051701 .

AMA Style

Xidong Zhang, Guiping Zhu, Yin Zhang, Hongyan Wang, Hulin Huang. Influence of Reynolds Numbers on the Flow and Heat Transfer Around Row of Magnetic Obstacles. Journal of Heat Transfer. 2017; 139 (5):051701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xidong Zhang; Guiping Zhu; Yin Zhang; Hongyan Wang; Hulin Huang. 2017. "Influence of Reynolds Numbers on the Flow and Heat Transfer Around Row of Magnetic Obstacles." Journal of Heat Transfer 139, no. 5: 051701.

Journal article
Published: 11 August 2015 in Journal of Heat Transfer
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The predictions of flow structure, vortex shedding, and drag force around a circular cylinder are promoted by both academic interest and a wide range of practical situations. To control the flow around a circular cylinder, a magnetic obstacle is set upstream of the circular cylinder in this study for active controlling the separated flow behind bluff obstacle. Moreover, the changing of position, size, and intensity of magnetic obstacle is easy. The governing parameters are the magnetic obstacle width (d/D = 0.0333, 0.1, and 0.333) selected on cylinder diameter, D, and position (L/D) ranging from 2 to 11.667 at fixed Reynolds number Rel (based on the half-height of the duct) of 300 and the relative magnetic effect given by the Hartmann number Ha of 52. Results are presented in terms of instantaneous contours of vorticity, streamlines, drag coefficient, Strouhal number, pressure drop penalty, and local and average Nusselt numbers for various magnetic obstacle widths and positions. The computed results show that there are two flow patterns, one with vortex shedding from the magnetic obstacle and one without vortex shedding. The optimum conditions for drag reduction are L/D = 2 and d/D = 0.0333–0.333, and under these conditions, the pressure drop penalty is acceptable. However, the maximum value of the mean Nusselt number of the downstream cylinder is about 93% of that for a single cylinder.

ACS Style

Xidong Zhang; Hulin Huang; Yin Zhang; Hongyan Wang. Influence of a Magnetic Obstacle on Forced Convection in a Three-Dimensional Duct With a Circular Cylinder. Journal of Heat Transfer 2015, 138, 011703 .

AMA Style

Xidong Zhang, Hulin Huang, Yin Zhang, Hongyan Wang. Influence of a Magnetic Obstacle on Forced Convection in a Three-Dimensional Duct With a Circular Cylinder. Journal of Heat Transfer. 2015; 138 (1):011703.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xidong Zhang; Hulin Huang; Yin Zhang; Hongyan Wang. 2015. "Influence of a Magnetic Obstacle on Forced Convection in a Three-Dimensional Duct With a Circular Cylinder." Journal of Heat Transfer 138, no. 1: 011703.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2015 in International Journal of Thermophysics
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On the basis of the lattice potential energy with two forms proposed by Born–Mie and Born–Mayer, respectively, the critical interionic separations \({{ r}}_{\mathrm{i}}\) where the lattice is fractured due to tensile force have been evaluated for alkali metal halides. The theoretical results are analyzed together with the interionic separations \({{ r}}_{\mathrm{m}}\) determined by the melting temperature and the help of the isobaric equation of state. A new and simple interrelationship between \({{ r}}_{\mathrm{m}}\) and \({{ r}}_{\mathrm{i}}\) is obtained, and the crystal melting behavior can be accordingly predicted for NaCl-structure ionic crystals.

ACS Style

Yong Zou; Hulin Huang; Guang Lei Cui. Analysis of the Interrelationship Between Melting and Fracturing of Alkali Halides. International Journal of Thermophysics 2015, 36, 1569 -1576.

AMA Style

Yong Zou, Hulin Huang, Guang Lei Cui. Analysis of the Interrelationship Between Melting and Fracturing of Alkali Halides. International Journal of Thermophysics. 2015; 36 (7):1569-1576.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yong Zou; Hulin Huang; Guang Lei Cui. 2015. "Analysis of the Interrelationship Between Melting and Fracturing of Alkali Halides." International Journal of Thermophysics 36, no. 7: 1569-1576.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2013 in Chinese Physics B
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The effect of lateral walls on fluid flow and heat transfer is investigated when a fluid passes a magnetic obstacle. The blockage ratio β that represents the ratio between the width of external magnet My and the spanwise width Ly is employed to depict the effect. The finite volume method (FVM) based on the PISO algorithm is applied for the blockage ratios of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4. The results show that the value of Strouhal number St increases as the blockage ratio β increases, and for small β, the variation of St is very small when the interaction parameter and Reynolds number are increasing. Moreover, the cross-stream mixing induced by the magnetic obstacle can enhance the wall-heat transfer and the maximum value of the overall heat transfer increment is about 50.5%.

ACS Style

Xi-Dong Zhang; Hu-Lin Huang; Zhang Xi-Dong; Huang Hu-Lin. Blockage effects on viscous fluid flow and heat transfer past a magnetic obstacle in a duct. Chinese Physics B 2013, 22, 075202 -355.

AMA Style

Xi-Dong Zhang, Hu-Lin Huang, Zhang Xi-Dong, Huang Hu-Lin. Blockage effects on viscous fluid flow and heat transfer past a magnetic obstacle in a duct. Chinese Physics B. 2013; 22 (7):075202-355.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xi-Dong Zhang; Hu-Lin Huang; Zhang Xi-Dong; Huang Hu-Lin. 2013. "Blockage effects on viscous fluid flow and heat transfer past a magnetic obstacle in a duct." Chinese Physics B 22, no. 7: 075202-355.

Journal article
Published: 28 December 2012 in Journal of Heat Transfer
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The prediction of electrically conducting fluid past a localized zone of applied magnetic field is the key for many practical applications. In this paper, the characteristics of flow and heat transfer (HI) for a liquid metal in a rectangular duct under a local magnetic field are investigated numerically using a three-dimensional model and the impact of some parameters, such as constrainment factor, κ, interaction parameter, N, and Reynolds number, Re, is also discussed. It is found that, in the range of Reynolds number 100 ≤ Re ≤ 900, the flow structures can be classified into the following four typical categories: no vortices, one pair of magnetic vortices, three pairs of vortices and vortex shedding. The simulation results indicate that the local heterogeneous magnetic field can enhance the wall-heat transfer and the maximum value of the overall increment of HI is about 13.6%. Moreover, the pressure drop penalty (ΔPpenalty) does not increasingly depend on the N for constant κ and Re. Thus, the high overall increment of HI can be obtained when the vortex shedding occurs.

ACS Style

Xidong Zhang; Hulin Huang. Effect of Local Magnetic Fields on Electrically Conducting Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer. Journal of Heat Transfer 2012, 135, 021702 .

AMA Style

Xidong Zhang, Hulin Huang. Effect of Local Magnetic Fields on Electrically Conducting Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer. Journal of Heat Transfer. 2012; 135 (2):021702.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xidong Zhang; Hulin Huang. 2012. "Effect of Local Magnetic Fields on Electrically Conducting Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer." Journal of Heat Transfer 135, no. 2: 021702.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2011 in International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
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Concentrating photovoltaic (PV) systems provide an effective way to reduce the cost of electricity production by reducing the amount of silicon required. The use of a Fresnel lens is one of the typical design options for the concentrating PV systems. Compared with a parabolic mirror, a Fresnel lens has its focus behind the lens surface. This gives a convenience for installation of PV cells and also there is no matter of shading caused by the PV cells. However, both Fresnel lens and parabolic dish concentrating PV systems need to be accompanied by a high accuracy sun-tracking system. This study presents the design analysis of a Fresnel lens concentrating PV cell which consists of a small linear Fresnel lens and a strip PV cell. A number of cells may form a modular large concentrating PV system using a single sun-tracking system. Based on the analysis of the ray path through the Fresnel lens and a current density distribution model for the PV cell, a computer program has been produced to predict the irradiance distribution on the PV cell and the distribution of current density. The results are used to determine the effect of sun-tracking deviation and PV cell position on the PV current distribution. The calculated and experimental short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of the designed Fresnel lens concentrating PV cell are also given.

ACS Style

Hulin Huang; Yuehong Su; Yibing Gao; Saffa Riffat. Design analysis of a Fresnel lens concentrating PV cell. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 2011, 6, 165 -170.

AMA Style

Hulin Huang, Yuehong Su, Yibing Gao, Saffa Riffat. Design analysis of a Fresnel lens concentrating PV cell. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 2011; 6 (3):165-170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hulin Huang; Yuehong Su; Yibing Gao; Saffa Riffat. 2011. "Design analysis of a Fresnel lens concentrating PV cell." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 6, no. 3: 165-170.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2010 in Microgravity Science and Technology
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Steady thermocapillary convection with deformable interface in a two-layer system is simulated by the second-order projection method combined with the level set method, in which the three-stage Runge–Kutta technique and second-order semi-implicit Crank–Nicholson technique are employed to temporally update the convective and diffusion terms, respectively. The level set approach is employed to implicitly capture the interface. The continuum surface force tension model is used to simulate the Marangoni effect. Simulations are conducted for both fixed angle and fixed points at the contact between the interface and the end walls. The numerical results show that, the interface bulges out near the hot wall and bulges in near the cold wall, due to the Marangoni effect. With Marangoni number increasing, the deformability of interface increases. The contact condition of interface with the end walls is important for the prediction of thermocapillary convection characteristics, and the contact points fixed condition is more close to real condition.

ACS Style

XiaoMing Zhou; Hulin Huang. Numerical Simulation of Steady Thermocapillary Convection in a Two-Layer System Using Level Set Method. Microgravity Science and Technology 2010, 22, 223 -232.

AMA Style

XiaoMing Zhou, Hulin Huang. Numerical Simulation of Steady Thermocapillary Convection in a Two-Layer System Using Level Set Method. Microgravity Science and Technology. 2010; 22 (2):223-232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

XiaoMing Zhou; Hulin Huang. 2010. "Numerical Simulation of Steady Thermocapillary Convection in a Two-Layer System Using Level Set Method." Microgravity Science and Technology 22, no. 2: 223-232.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2010 in International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
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This study regards the performance prediction of concentrating photovoltaic (PV) modules. For a solar concentrator aperture area of 1 m2, the efficiency and power output of a concentrating PV module is calculated for various temperatures and concentration ratios. The study is then extended to calculate the temperature, efficiency and power output of the PV module at various concentration ratios and velocities of cooling water. The results show that when the concentration ratio is >4, water cooling is necessary to cool PV instead of natural convection cooling. The results provide a basis for selection of a suitable concentration ratio and cooling method for concentrating PV system design.

ACS Style

Yibing Gao; Hulin Huang; Yuehong Su; Saffa B. Riffat. A parametric study of characteristics of concentrating PV modules. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 2010, 5, 57 -62.

AMA Style

Yibing Gao, Hulin Huang, Yuehong Su, Saffa B. Riffat. A parametric study of characteristics of concentrating PV modules. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 2010; 5 (2):57-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yibing Gao; Hulin Huang; Yuehong Su; Saffa B. Riffat. 2010. "A parametric study of characteristics of concentrating PV modules." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 5, no. 2: 57-62.