Prolonged wait times in Canada's Emergency Departments (EDs) adversely impact patients, hospital staff, and the healthcare system. Despite the growing literature on ED wait times in Canada, our understanding of what strategies work to reduce wait time remains sporadic due to the absence of a current, comprehensive mapping of the interventions implemented within EDs. This scoping review aims to address this gap and map ED interventions in Canada, which may be useful for policymakers and healthcare professionals to make evidence-informed decisions. Scoping Review. Utilizing Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework, we summarized peer-reviewed articles on interventions in Canadian EDs from January 2010 to May 2024. To categorize and interpret the diverse interventions, we conducted a narrative synthesis using Braun and Clark's thematic analysis method. We identified 21 articles, predominantly focusing on Ontario (n = 16). Most studies utilized retrospective evaluations (n = 16), followed by cluster randomized trials (n = 2), quasi-experimental design (n = 1), prospective survey (n = 1), and before-after design (n = 1). Nearly all were in high-volume urban EDs, with one in a rural setting. Interventions were categorized into five themes: Alternative Location, Financial Incentives, Health Workforce Enhancement, Process Improvement, and Integrated Intervention. While alternative ED locations, health workforce enhancement, and integrated approaches showed promise in reducing ED wait times, financial incentives and process improvement initiatives showed mixed results. The reviewed interventions focused on strengthening ED operational efficiencies, but sustainable wait time reduction necessitates multifaceted, context-specific approach. Future research should consider broader health system challenges and ED contextual issues.

(1) Current literature on ethnic minorities, comorbidities, and COVID-19 tends to investigate these factors separately, leaving gaps in our understanding about their interactions. Our review seeks to identify a relationship between ethnicity, comorbidities, and severe COVID-19 outcomes (ICU admission and mortality). We hope to enhance our understanding of the various factors that exacerbate COVID-19 severity and mortality in ethnic minorities in Canada and the USA. (2) All articles were received from PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Ovid EMBASE from November 2020 to June 2022. Included articles contain information regarding comorbidities among ethnic minorities in relation to COVID-19 severity and mortality. (3) A total of 59 articles were included that examined various ethnic groups, including Black/African American, Asian, Hispanic, White/Caucasian, and Indigenous people. We found that the most examined comorbidities were diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. A total of 76.9% of the articles (40 out of 52) found a significant association between different races and COVID-19 mortality, whereas 21.2% of the articles (11 out of 52) did not. (4) COVID-19 ICU admissions and mortality affect various ethnic groups differently, with Black patients generally having the most adverse outcomes. These outcomes may also interact with sex and age, though more research is needed assessing these variables together with ethnicity.