This study conducts a systematic review of 50 articles on virtual restoration of architectural heritage using the PRISMA framework. It proposes an integrated framework based on the analysis of technologies, methods, and platforms used across restoration stages. Future directions include expanding data sources and interdisciplinary integration, enhancing empirical validation, and exploring emerging technologies such as 4D restoration and AI-generated content to improve automation, intelligent reconstruction, and immersive restoration experiences.

This study explores the integration path of ideological and political education in the course Design Thinking and Expression of environmental art design, aiming to enhance students’ innovative thinking, social responsibility, and awareness of sustainable development. Based on the core philosophy of design thinking (people-oriented, problem-solving, and interdisciplinary collaboration) and the elements of ideological and political education in courses (moral education, cultural confidence, sustainable development, and social equity), the study proposes implementation paths for optimizing course objectives, adjusting course content, innovating teaching methods, and optimizing the evaluation system. Through project-based learning, situational teaching, and interdisciplinary collaboration, combined with practical cases such as historical district renewal, environmental design for rural revitalization, and green commercial space design, it has been verified that the effective integration of ideological and political elements in courses can enhance students’ cultural identity, sense of social responsibility, and design innovation ability. This study provides theoretical support and practical demonstration for the ideological and political reform of environmental art design courses. In the future, interdisciplinary collaboration can be further deepened, social practice applications can be expanded, the evaluation system can be improved, and the systematic development of ideological and political courses can be promoted.