Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) reinforced with natural or renewable fillers gained significant attention in the scientific community and industries. The properties of TPU can be tailored using different reinforcements or blends to enhance its performance and elevate the potential applications of the composite. Besides, composites offer eco-friendliness, recyclability, and biocompatibility thus overcoming the environmental concerns. However, the manufacturing in mass quantity and upholding the quality of these composites has remained one of the principal challenges. Herein, we critically highlighted an overview of the current comprehension of the various eco-friendly and renewable fillers/fibers reinforced in TPU composites for tuning the mechanical and thermal properties of TPU. Some of the important research articles that discuss the influence of interactions, morphology, and modification/treatment of fillers are contained within to understand the behavior and consequence of reinforcements on the physical properties of TPU composites.