We report the case of a 74-year-old woman who sustained a scapular spine (SS) fracture after a fall 4 weeks after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with locked 90°-double plating resulted in union of the SS fracture with a good outcome (subjective shoulder value: 80%; Constant score 67; 1 year) despite of an adjacent lateral acromion fracture 3 weeks after ORIF. This is the second description in the literature of a successful double plate ORIF with union of an SS fracture after RSA. SS fractures are known to lead to poor RSA outcomes with a high mal-union rate and non-union rate. We describe the positioning of the plates and technical steps for successful ORIF to avoid complications, discuss the aftercare and report the outcome.

Bilateral agenesis of the long head of the biceps brachial tendon (LHB) is a very rare variation of the anatomy. We report a case of an 18-year-old man with bilateral agenesis of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon. We present initial findings, radiographical examinations and the follow-up of an unusual entity. Diagnosis of agenesis of the LHB can be challenging especially in cases of traumatic shoulder pain. It is not a very known entity because of its rareness. However, it could be associated with other congenital anomalies. The absence of the LHB is easily ignored in the diagnostic process. Clinical examination should be a pitfall, radiological examination is helpful to confirm the suspicion of LHB absence. MRI is often the first choice, although ultrasonography is cheaper and much easier to access and it is an excellent tool to visualise this anatomic variation with empty or shallow intertubercular groove.

Background: Here, we introduce a comprehensive treatment algorithm for posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) of the elbow, a condition affecting elbow mobility. We outline a diagnostic approach and a novel surgical management plan through the arthroscopic surgeon’s point of view. Methods: The central focus of this management approach is the integrity of common extensor origin (CEO). High clinical suspicion must be evident to diagnose PLRI. Special clinical and imaging tests can confirm PLRI but sometimes the final confirmation is established during the arthroscopic treatment. The most appropriate treatment is determined by the degree of CEO integrity. Results: The treatment strategy varies with the CEO’s condition: intact or minor tears require arthroscopic lateral collateral ligament imbrication, while extensive tears may need plication reinforced with imbrication or, in cases of retraction, a triceps tendon autograft reconstruction of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament alongside CEO repair. These approaches aim to manage residual instability and are complemented using a tailored rehabilitation protocol to optimize functional outcomes. Conclusion: PLRI is a unique clinical condition and should be treated likewise. This algorithm offers valuable insights for diagnosing and treating PLRI, enhancing therapeutic decision-making.

Background. Traumatic hip dislocation (THD) is an orthopaedic emergency that requires rapid reduction. THD is generally encountered in high-energy trauma. THD with low-energy trauma is extremely rare, even more so in the elderly. Methods/Results. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with anterior superior left hip dislocation after a low-energy trauma. Results. The patient was initially treated with closed reduction. Because of recurring dislocation, closed reduction was performed a second time. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no soft tissue interposition. At 12 week follow-up, the patient complained of intractable hip pain and was treated with total hip arthroplasty. The post-operative course was uneventful with a return to pre-injury functional mobility. We also conducted a review of the literature with regard to anterior hip dislocation in the population aged 70 years or more. Conclusion. THD can be associated with significant morbidity. Time to reduction is considered essential in improving functional outcomes. In the case of poor functional outcomes, total hip arthroplasty should be considered.

Fracture of the talus is uncommon in childhood. We report a case of talar neck fracture that occurred in a 4-year-old girl. We present the radiological findings, the orthopaedic follow-up and the clinical outcome.

Parsonage-Turner syndrome following monkeypox infection is a rare form of peripheral neuropathy seen in orthopaedic practice and described only once in the literature. We present the case of a man in his 30s with severe shoulder pain and subsequent amyotrophy 2 weeks after monkeypox infection. Our report encompasses the initial findings, radiographic examinations and follow-up over a 6-month period. To confirm the diagnosis, MRI and electrostimulation conduction studies were conducted, highlighting their importance as valuable diagnostic tools in conjunction with a thorough physical examination. Supportive treatment, including physical therapy and pain management, forms the cornerstone of management, while surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases or when mechanical complications arise. Prognosis varies among individuals. This case report expands the understanding of neurological complications of monkeypox infection. Clinicians should include Parsonage-Turner syndrome in their differential diagnosis for patients presenting with symptoms of peripheral brachial plexus neuropathy following viral infections, including monkeypox.