Intercalated layered materials offer distinctive properties and serve as precursors for important two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, intercalation of non–van der Waals structures, which can expand the family of 2D materials, is difficult. We report a structural editing protocol for layered carbides (MAX phases) and their 2D derivatives (MXenes). Gap-opening and species-intercalating stages were respectively mediated by chemical scissors and intercalants, which created a large family of MAX phases with unconventional elements and structures, as well as MXenes with versatile terminals. The removal of terminals in MXenes with metal scissors and then the stitching of 2D carbide nanosheets with atom intercalation leads to the reconstruction of MAX phases and a family of metal-intercalated 2D carbides, both of which may drive advances in fields ranging from energy to printed electronics.

A three-dimensional nanoporous NiO film was fabricated using a two-step process through an electrochemical route. The as-prepared NiO film exhibited a highly nanoporous structure and high surface area (264 m² g⁻¹). The textural characterization of the film and its electrochemical performance as an electrochemical electrode were investigated. The electrode showed a high specific capacitance (1776 F g⁻¹), power density (89 Wh kg⁻¹), and energy density (16.5 kW kg⁻¹). In addition, the electrode exhibited high and stable specific capacitance retention after a long cycle test in KOH solution. More importantly, the power density met the power requirements of the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV).