The increase in demand, and thus the need to lower its price, has kept C-based fuels as the main source. In this context, the use of oil and gas has led to increased climate change, resulting in greenhouse gases. The high percentage of eissions, over 40%, is due to the production of electricity, heat, or/and energy transport. This is the main reason for global warming and the extreme and increasingly common climate change occurrences, with all of nature being affected. Due to this reason, in more and more countries, there is an increased interest in renewable energies from sustainable sources, with a particular emphasis on decarbonisation. One of the energies analysed for decarbonisation that will play a role in future energy systems is hydrogen. The development of hydrogen–natural gas mixtures is a major challenge in the field of energy and fuel technology. This article aims to highlight the major challenges associated with researching hydrogen–natural gas blends. Meeting this challenge requires a comprehensive research and development effort, including exploring appropriate blending techniques, optimising performance, addressing infrastructure requirements, and considering regulatory considerations. Overcoming this challenge will enable the full potential of hydrogen–natural gas blends to be realised as a clean and sustainable energy source. This will contribute to the global transition to a greener and more sustainable future. Several international, European, and Romanian studies, projects, and legislative problems are being analysed. The mix between H2 and natural gas decreases fugitive emissions. In contrast, using hydrogen increases the risk of fire more than using natural gas because hydrogen is a light gas that easily escapes and ignites at almost any concentration in the air.

The reduction in GHG emissions has become one of the most important objectives in Europe. One of these clean technologies in the quest for large-scale decarbonisation is the blending of hydrogen and natural gas (H₂NG). The significance of this article lies in conducting a technical–economic analysis that relies on simulating annual consumption patterns. This study focuses on the utilization of H₂NG at different proportions within a distribution network in Bucharest, Romania’s largest city. The paper is a fallow up of another paper and presents a case study for the injection through all four entry points in the city of different percentages of hydrogen and the dynamic of the mix through the gas distribution network. The study found that the variation in H₂ in the network is high and depends on the entry point levels and consumption. An economic analysis was conducted on seasonal real consumption, which confirmed the investment’s profitability.

As the energy sector confronts the dual imperatives of decarbonization and digitalization, OMV Petrom has initiated a comprehensive transformation of its upstream operations through the DigitUP program. This paper explores the company’s strategic integration of advanced digital technologies into its drilling workflows, emphasizing the deployment of automated drilling systems, real-time monitoring platforms and data-driven optimization tools. Central to this transformation are the cloud-based drilling reporting system, coherent well planning solution, real-time drilling data monitoring platform, drilling performance management system and the AR 150 automatic rig, all of which contribute to a closed-loop digital workflow encompassing planning, execution and post-well analysis. The study presents operational and performance data illustrating significant improvements in drilling efficiency, including increased rate of penetration (ROP), reduced well delivery time and minimized non-productive time (NPT). Key performance indicators (KPIs) are utilized to track operational behavior and guide continuous improvement, while predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms enable dynamic parameter adjustment and failure prevention. Additionally, using electrical rigs and automation of tasks support OMV Petrom’s sustainability and safety objectives. The findings demonstrate that OMV Petrom has established a scalable, digitally integrated model for high-performance drilling. This approach not only enhances organizational agility and technical excellence but also aligns with broader environmental and economic goals. The paper concludes that the DigitUP initiative positions OMV Petrom as a leading example of how legacy oil and gas operators can successfully transition toward a future-ready, data-driven operational paradigm.