This article describes the trends and contributing factors in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemiology in the Philippines from 2010 to 2022. This is the first trend analysis of the Philippine HIV/AIDS situation. Using time trend research design, 13-year longitudinal epidemiological data were collected and analyzed to present a dynamic perspective of the Philippine HIV/AIDS epidemic. Secondary data analysis of HIV surveillance public documents from 2010 to 2022 was conducted. The Centers for Disease Control's socioecological model was used to guide the literature and interpretation of findings. Frequency, percentage distribution, and Sieve-bootstrap t-test for linear trends were used to analyze the results. There is an increased trend in HIV incidence, late diagnosis, and AIDS-related mortality in all geographical regions in the country from 2010-2022. The majority of HIV cases are males, ages 25-34, and reside in the nation's capital. Increased HIV incidence among overseas workers, sex workers, and HIV-positive blood products were noted. Trends in Philippine HIV epidemiology are contrary to global trends. Community-based HIV prevention programs targeting specific high-risk populations are needed. Community health nurses in the Philippines play a critical role in reversing the rising trend of HIV/AIDS. They are positioned to lead targeted education and prevention programs for high-risk groups using the socioecological model to implement community-based strategies that address factors contributing to the epidemic. Their efforts in early detection and linkage to care are essential in reducing late diagnosis and AIDS-related mortality.

Despite a global decrease in HIV cases and efforts to reduce HIV incidence in the country, the Philippines has an increasing HIV incidence rate, which is the highest in the Asia–Pacific region. A multiplicity of factors is driving the HIV epidemic in the Philippines. Our scoping review aims to describe the current literature about factors influencing the Philippine HIV landscape. The available literature shows that individual, sociocultural, environmental, educational, environmental, and biological factors fueled the HIV epidemic in the Philippines. Specifically, low levels of HIV knowledge, low testing rates, high-risk sex behaviors, stigma, lifestyle, location, lack of HIV education in schools, conservative society, and restrictive policies are contributing factors. Our findings provide direction for designing comprehensive targeted interventions, increasing public awareness, advocating for policy formulation, and developing a dedicated HIV research program to guide HIV preventive programs and research in the country.

The Philippines has the highest HIV incidence rate in the Asia-Pacific region. Previous studies identified multilevel factors contributing to this phenomenon. This scoping review describes the extent of the literature on HIV contributory factors and identifies gaps to guide directions for HIV prevention research. The keywords HIV incidence, individual, sociocultural, environmental factors, and Philippines, were used to search for evidence on Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 1,017 peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from 2014 to 2024 were reviewed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review protocol. Thirty articles were included in this review. The majority of the available evidence was quantitative studies published between 2020 and 2024. Individual, sociocultural, economic, educational, political, and environmental factors shaped the Philippines’ HIV epidemic. Low levels of HIV knowledge, low testing rates, high-risk sex behaviors, stigma, lifestyle, location, lack of HIV education in schools, conservative society, and restrictive policies are HIV contributing factors. The Philippine HIV epidemic is multifactorial. Identifying the contributory factors is crucial in developing targeted interventions for high-risk populations. A dedicated HIV research program is needed to provide evidence-based information to guide the development of HIV preventive programs and research.

The United States’ nursing shortage attracted internationally educated nurses (IENs) to take the National Council Licensure Examination–Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN), which is required to practice nursing in the U.S. Philippine-educated nurses (PENs) comprised more than half of IENs in the U.S. nursing workforce. From 2002 to 2021, only 45.8% of 177,730 PENs passed the exam. Published studies investigating IEN NCLEX-RN performance are limited. This study addresses this gap in the literature. This study determined the association between academic, initial nursing licensure, and employment factors on PEN NCLEX-RN pass rates. A retrospective correlation research design was used to determine the association among the research variables. Participants were recruited through online nursing groups. Descriptive statistics compared characteristics of PENs who passed or failed the NCLEX on the first attempt. Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the association between the research variables. Initial nursing licensure and nursing workplace were significantly associated with PENs passing the NCLEX-RN. Identifying unique PENs’ contextual characteristics is critical in preparing them to pass the NCLEX-RN. Findings provide input to educational and regulatory bodies to improve the NCLEX-RN individual outcomes and Philippine NCLEX-RN pass rates.

The United States’ nursing shortage attracted internationally educated nurses (IENs) to take the National Council Licensure Examination–Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN), which is required to practice nursing in the U.S. Philippine-educated nurses (PENs) comprised more than half of IENs in the U.S. nursing workforce. From 2002 to 2021, only 45.8% of 177,730 PENs passed the exam. Published studies investigating IEN NCLEX-RN performance are limited. This study addresses this gap in the literature. This study determined the association between academic, initial nursing licensure, and employment factors on PEN NCLEX-RN passing. A retrospective correlation research design was used to determine the association among the research variables. Participants were recruited through online nursing groups. Descriptive statistics compared characteristics of PEN who passed and failed the NCLEX on the first attempt. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the association between the research variables. Initial nursing licensure and nursing workplace were significantly associated with PEN NCLEX-RN passing. Identifying unique PEN contextual characteristics is critical in helping them pass the NCLEX-RN. Findings provide input to educational and regulatory bodies to improve the NCLEX-RN individual outcomes and Philippine NCLEX-RN pass rates.

Aim: To map RN workload, staffing indicators, resident outcomes, workforce sustainability and nursing‐management context in nursing homes. Background: Staffing ratios and hours per resident day (HPRD) quantify staffing but not role complexity, interruptions, supervisory demands, resident acuity, continuity or work environment. Evaluation: Following JBI guidance and PRISMA‐ScR, five databases were searched using an RN‐specific strategy and updated on 4 September 2026. Following source‐level eligibility reassessment and reconciliation of the updated search, 20 studies meeting the RN‐specific resident‐outcome criteria formed the primary synthesis. Seven studies that did not meet these criteria but provided relevant workforce or nursing‐management evidence were retained as a separately labelled contextual evidence layer and excluded from the primary synthesis and PRISMA included‐study count. Primary studies underwent full data charting, whereas contextual studies underwent restricted extraction for interpretive purposes only. Key Issues: Evidence was predominantly observational. Greater RN availability and more favourable work environments were generally associated with better resident outcomes, although findings varied by outcome, timing, staffing configuration and organisational context. Conclusions: RN workload is multidimensional and cannot be reduced to staffing ratios alone. Current evidence does not establish a universal RN staffing threshold or support causal conclusions across nursing‐home settings. Implications for Nursing Management: Managers should interpret staffing metrics alongside resident acuity, staffing continuity, workload intensity, skill mix, agency use and work‐environment indicators.