Objective. This study aimed to investigate the preparation of patuletin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (PT-CS-NPs) using the ionic gelation method, evaluate their potential as anticancer agents, and invent a new method of differential pulse voltammetric analysis for patuletin (PT). Methods. Computational studies were conducted to assess the affinity of PT for chitosan, confirming a promising interaction. PT-CS-NPs were synthesized based on the computational outputs, resulting in nanoparticles with an angular structure and an average size of 6.168 nm. The cytotoxicity of PT and PT-CS-NP was evaluated in breast and colon cancer cell lines, and selectivity indices were calculated to assess safety profiles. The electrochemical behavior of PT was also investigated using the Britton–Robinson buffer. Results. PT-CS-NP exhibited both potent cytotoxicity and a favorable safety profile, showing the most active and safest pattern of cytotoxicity among the tested compounds. The electrochemical oxidation of PT was observed at 0.531 V vs. Ag/AgCl at pH 4.0.0. The concentration of PT showed a linear relationship with the corresponding peak current over the range of M, with a minimum limit of detection of 3.4 × 10⁽⁻⁹⁾M. The proposed method successfully measured PT, with a relative standard deviation below 2%. Conclusion. The preparation of PT-CS-NP via the ionic gelation method resulted in angular nanoparticles with a promising anticancer activity and safety profiles. The electrochemical behavior of PT was characterized, and a reliable method for PT quantification was established.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have proved very effective in the treatment of the various hazardous organic pollutants in water. The photoelectrocatalytic degradation of azo dye acid red 17 (AR-17) with ammonium persulphate (APS) was studied. Various operational parameters effect on the photoelectrocatalytic degradation rate, such as pH and the amount of APS oxidant, were investigated. The rate of degradation of dye with these composites followed pseudo-first order kinetics in the dye concentration. The results were observed and it was found that the dye decolorization was enhanced using pH 2.0. Also, the degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by the increasing of the APS oxidant. The addition of (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ considerably increased the removal effectiveness due to the generation SO₄⁻ radicals.

The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl using the Aloes leaves extract has been studied. Three electrochemical different techniques have been utilized for studying the corrosion inhibition efficiency behavior of Aloe vera Gel as green corrosion inhibitor in addition to Scanning electron microscopy- Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) technique. The four techniques which are potentiodynamic polarization, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) and SEM-EDX were used for evaluation at room temperature 25 ᵒC. The results show a good efficiency with low concentration of inhibitor, where the electrochemical methods show that 52 % efficiency with low concentration 100 ppm, in addition to surface morphology of carbon steel show a protected surface compared with noninhibited specimen due to formation of inhibitor layers on surface. EDX show that more concentration of chemical elements of gel extract chemical components adsorbed on inhibited specimen compared with non-inhibited specimen. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increasing of the aloe vera gel concentration.

Spinel cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 was synthesized and in situ incorporated onto the porous structure of NaY zeolite by the co-precipitation process. The structural design of CoFe2O4/NaY composite was advantageous in terms of activity and stability. Various techniques were utilized to characterize the catalysts like X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pore structure analysis by N2 adsorption at 77 K. It has been found that spinal CoFe2O4 in CoFe2O4/NaY was sparse on the NaY surface, along with the relevant species inside the zeolite pores. The SEM surface morphology suggests that CoFe2O4 has an irregular structure of large aggregated crystals, whereas CoFe2O4/NaY exhibited predominantly a uniform spherical-like morphology of smaller particle sizes and small cavities on the external surface. The direct hydroxylation of benzene with H2O2 as a green oxidant was inspected. The effects of the amount of test dose of the CoFe2O4/NaY catalyst, concentration of H2O2, and the reaction temperature were studied. Higher yield of phenol was obtained with increasing the concentration of H2O2, catalyst dose and temperature. The kinetics of the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol has shown that the catalyst dose was highly affected reaction rate. The Arrhenius relationship was applied to determine the activation energy of the reaction to be 25.98 kJ/Mol.

A simple, portable photometer depending on the intensity of the light that passes through a colored solution was designed. Through it, the measured light intensity parameter is converted to an electrical current density, which flow in a circuit of light dependent resistor (LDR). The suggested device is characterized by that it does not depend on the absorptivity at a specific wavelength, but depends on the intensity of the light passing through the sample only. The merits of this method are low power, high sensitivity, and very low cost. The proposed method is in excellent harmony with the determination of the concentration of colored solutions by spectrophotometr.