More than 40 distinct viruses have been reported to cause diseases in maize. In June 2013, dwarfing and yellowing symptoms were observed in maize (sweet corn) in AnHui province, similar to those caused by Maize yellow dwarf virus-RMV (MYDV-RMV). Sap extracts from symptomatic leaf samples were tested by direct antigen coated ELISA using polyclonal antibodies (Agdia Inc.,USA) specific to Barley yellow dwarf viruses (-PAV, -MAV and –RMV), Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), Southern Rice black-streaked dwarf virus. Sample was only found positive for BYDV-RMV. However, an RT-PCR-based diagnostic method (Krueger et al. 2013 ) failed to detect MYDV-RMV in samples with symptoms similar to MYDV-RMV-induced in sweet corn. Small RNAs extracted from the symptomatic leaf samples were deep sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq-2000 platform. Short reads (11,887,472) were further assembled into longer contigs by computer programs such as Velvet and Oases. The assembled contigs were queried by homology search tools (B...