Electric pylons are crucial components of power infrastructure, requiring accurate detection and identification for effective monitoring of transmission lines. This paper proposes an innovative model, the EP-YOLOv8 network, which incorporates new modules: the DSLSK-SPPF and EMS-Head. The DSLSK-SPPF module is designed to capture the surrounding features of electric pylons more effectively, enhancing the model’s adaptability to the complex shapes of these structures. The EMS-Head module enhances the model’s ability to capture fine details of electric pylons while maintaining a lightweight design. The EP-YOLOv8 network optimizes traditional YOLOv8n parameters, demonstrating a significant improvement in electric pylon detection accuracy with an average mAP@0.5 value of 95.5%. The effective detection of electric pylons by the EP-YOLOv8 demonstrates its ability to overcome the inefficiencies inherent in existing optical satellite image-based models, particularly those related to the unique characteristics of electric pylons. This improvement will significantly aid in monitoring the operational status and layout of power infrastructure, providing crucial insights for infrastructure management and maintenance.

The division of the hydrothermal period based on alteration minerals extracted from airborne hyperspectral data has been rarely researched. This work processed CASI-SASI airborne hyperspectral data, and optimized reference spectra from image endmembers based on the expert knowledge in the Baixianishan area. The mixed tuned matched filtering method was utilized to map alteration minerals, and the distribution of limonite, short-wavelength sericite, middle-wavelength sericite and long-wavelength sericite was obtained. Distribution patterns of limonite and three sericite subclasses were analyzed, and three hydrothermal stages were divided. It is considered that the second hydrothermal activity is closely related to the gold deposit. It is proposed that prospecting factors of the Baixianishan gold deposit are NEE-trending fault structure, the vein-like distribution of limonite and short-wavelength sericite. Based on the discuss above, a favorable prospecting section is found in the south of the Xiaobaishan area. It is indicated that the CASI-SASI airborne hyperspectral data can quickly and accurately provide more effective remote sensing criteria at the regional scale for both basic geological survey and mineral resources exploration, which has a wide application prospect in the geological field.