Lipids are ubiquitous macromolecules that play essential roles in several metabolic processes in plants, such as primary and secondary metabolism, energy storage, and lipid signaling, also being major constituents of membranes. Considering their importance, lipid contents, proportion, and composition are widely modulated in response to environmental conditions, which is even more important under unfavorable conditions such as abiotic stresses. In recent years, technological advances have allowed for the analysis of the global lipid profile, also known as lipidomics, which has emerged as a powerful tool for the comprehensive analysis of the modulation and roles of lipids under different conditions. This review provides a current overview of plant lipidomics research, covering the different lipid classes found in plants, analytical techniques, and the main lipid-related responses under temperature, water, salt, alkali, heavy metal, nutrient deficiency, light, and oxidative stress.

Water deficit is the most critical factor limiting plant growth and production and salicylic acid (SA) has potential for stress mitigation in plants; therefore, we evaluated the effect of SA on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) growth and ecophysiology under water deficit. Plants were sprayed with SA (100 μM) or water (control), and irrigated at 80% (W80), 60% (W60), 40% (W40), and 20% (W20) of field capacity. The SA treatments and drought stress started 7 days after sowing and lasted until the end of the cycle (30 days after sowing). The morphophysiological analyses showed that radish plants had impaired growth at the lower water supply levels, but the treatment with SA reversed these growth restraints under moderate stress, leading to increases in shoot mass at W40 and storage root mass at W60 and W40. SA treatment also reversed the reduction of storage root volume at W60. The tendency of water deficit to increase FO and reduce FV/FM suggests possible damage to the photosystem II of drought-stressed plants. The parameters of gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments showed maintained photosynthetic efficiency, but total photosynthesis decreased due the lower shoot dry mass. Overall, exogenously applied SA reversed the growth restraints at W60 and W40, which revealed that SA was effective in mitigating the effects of moderate water deficit on biomass accumulation and partitioning in radish plants.

Several strawberry growers have cultivated the same plants for two consecutive cycles aiming a greater economic return after seedling transplant. However, the phenological development and the agronomic potential of second-cycle strawberry have to be estimated. This research was installed to estimate the thermal need, leaf appearance rate, phyllochron and yield of strawberry cultivars in two consecutive crop cycles in the region of the Third Planalto Paranaense. Cultivars Camarosa, Camino Real, Albion, Aromas, Monterrey and San Andreas were evaluated in the first and second growing cycles using completely randomized blocks and four replications. Leaf appearance rate was estimated by linear regression coefficient between the number of leaves and the accumulated thermal sum. Phyllochron was estimated by the inverse of regression coefficient. Aromas was the only cultivar with an increased fruit production in the second cycle. On the contrary, there was a considerable reduction of production for ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Monterrey’ and ‘San Andreas’ in that same cycle. The highest number and mass of marketable fruits of the second and first cycles were observed for ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Camino Real’, respectively. In the second crop cycle, strawberry cultivars required a lower thermal sum to begin flowering and fruit harvest. The plants presented a higher leaf appearance rate and low phyllochron values.