Industry 5.0 is an emerging value-driven manufacturing model in which human–machine interface-oriented intelligent manufacturing is one of the core concepts. Based on the theoretical human–cyber–physical system (HCPS), a reference framework for human–machine collaborative additive manufacturing for Industry 5.0 is proposed. This framework establishes a three-level product–economy–ecology model and explains the basic concept of human–machine collaborative additive manufacturing by considering the intrinsic characteristics and functional evolution of additive manufacturing technology. Key enabling technologies for product development process design are discussed, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), digital twin (DT) technology, extended reality, and intelligent materials. Additionally, the typical applications of human–machine collaborative additive manufacturing in the product, economic, and ecological layers are discussed, including personalized product design, interactive manufacturing, human–machine interaction (HMI) technology for the process chain, collaborative design, distributed manufacturing, and energy conservation and emission reductions. By developing the theory of the HCPS, for the first time its core concepts, key technologies, and typical scenarios are systematically elaborated to promote the transformation of additive manufacturing towards the Industry 5.0 paradigm of human–machine collaboration and to better meet the personalized needs of users.

According to the current situation of deep aging globally, how to provide low-cost and high-quality medical services has become a problem that the whole society needs to consider. To address these challenges, we propose an e-healthcare management system leveraging the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies. Our system aims to provide comprehensive, reliable, and secure one-stop services for patients. Specifically, we introduce a blockchain-based searchable encryption scheme for decentralized storage and real-time updates of electronic health records (EHRs). This approach ensures secure and efficient data traceability across medical equipment, drug supply chains, patient health monitoring, and medical big data management. By improving information processing capabilities, our system aspires to advance the digital transformation of e-healthcare services.

In recent years, the medical and health industry has become a new engine for global economic development. As a cluster of industries, the level of world's medical and health industry varies. Standards, as a comprehensive reflection and strategic resource of the competitiveness of enterprises, industries, regions, and even countries, have become an important experience and basic consensus for economic development at home and abroad. This article conducts research on the current status of standardization in the pharmaceutical and health industry both domestically and internationally. This study mainly analyzes the bilateral trade volume and industrial structure of pharmaceutical products between China and countries along the “Belt and Road” (BR), and empirically analyzes the influencing factors of pharmaceutical products trade between China and countries along the "Belt and Road" according to the trade situation. Using the explicit comparison index, the trade complementarity index, and the trade intensity index, select fifteen countries that are representative of the trade of pharmaceutical products in China and the regions along "the Belt and Road." Then, divide pharmaceutical products into traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Finally, analyze the problems and challenges that are associated with pharmaceutical products in China and sample countries. Through comparative analysis of organizational structure, standard system, and standard formulation and revision, combined with the practical experience of standardization in BR countries' pharmaceutical and health industry trade, measures and suggestions are proposed on how to accelerate the role of adjustment in pharmaceutical and health industry trade.

Aim of the Study: The paper focused on how social media applications empowering and supporting women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Social media apps empower women socially, psychologically and financially. Methodology: The current research study based on quantitative research and data was collected from (N=300) respondents including male and female of Bahawalpur City using questionnaire included 32 close-ended questions. The respondents were who regularly use social media using non-probability (available and convenient) sampling. Findings: Study found that women empowerment is a phenomenon which is undeniable as the success of country is carried out by every single individual living in that certain country through which it becomes necessary to make every individual empowered. Conclusion: The study concluded that the use of social media has caused women empowerment and provide confidence and opportunities to the women through which they tend to show their capabilities and skills.

In recent years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twin (DT) is driving a new revolution in the healthcare field. Precision medical methods can utilize the complex computing techniques and models of AI, combined with various genetic and non-genetic data, to enable the system to reason and learn under the drive of data and algorithms, assisting clinical doctors and researchers in making more accurate related decisions. Research has shown that AI and DT has shown enormous technological application space in genomics, clinical cancer treatment, molecular imaging, and other fields, but it also faces potential challenges such as system bias, correlation limitations, algorithm black boxes, and unfairness. This requires the use of AI and DT transformations to build a precision medical intelligent system, which can update, capture, and study real-world data in real-time and simulate in DT. This study proposes that real-world data should be constructed from information system data and medical knowledge data from various hospitals, combined with the roles of real-world evidence (RWE), randomized clinical trial (RCT), genetic research, and AI technology in precision medicine, to innovatively design a precision medical smart system in the social 5.0 smart city. This work also proposes the structure and operating standards of the smart system, providing innovative ideas and contributions for the future construction of precision medical smart systems in society.