In Argentina, the socioeconomic situation of households and the price of food leads to an increasingly serious food vulnerability, further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This article seeks to establish the effects generated by the Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation (ASPO as indicated by its acronym in spanish) in the food insecurity of the girls, boys and adolescents of the Metropolitan Area of ​​Greater Buenos Aires (AMBA), and to determine if the social policies implemented by the government helped or not to avoid a deepening of the phenomenon. This research was approached through a longitudinal panel study on a sample of households with children from the AMBA, based on the Argentine Social Debt Survey (EDSA). The results show that the public policies of income transfers and direct food aid implemented have not been sufficient to guarantee the food security of these populations and have even been revealed insufficient to sustain the levels of incidence of food insecurity prior to COVID-19.

El artículo tiene por objetivo ofrecer una descripción profunda de los obstáculos que enfrentaron y estrategias que implementaron los docentes de Educación Física para la enseñanza de la asignatura en el marco de comunidades educativas caracterizadas por la vulnerabilidad social en diferentes regiones geográficas del país. Se utilizó una metodología de tipo exploratoria y descriptiva con base en la técnica de los grupos focales. Los resultados permiten reconocer obstáculos vinculados con los problemas de conectividad, acceso a la tecnología y habilidades para su uso. Pero también en relación con la infraestructura y materiales disponibles en los hogares. Tensiones vinculadas al uso de plataformas, el movimiento y la exposición de los cuerpos en el marco de nuevas estrategias didácticas. El malestar psicológico, el aumento de peso, los cambios posturales nocivos, son algunos de los indicadores reportados de la salud de los/as alumnos/as observada por los docentes. Elevado ausentismo y participación en un proceso de innovación y mutación de la praxis docente que se valió de estrategias colaborativas con docentes de otras asignaturas y equipo de conducción pero que experimentó el rol secundario de la asignatura en la comunidad educativa y los desafíos asociados a su legitimación en tiempos en los que la salud integral es un imperativo.

Introduction: Mortality in the first months of life is a key demographic indicator for the analysis of socioeconomic development, which in the Argentine case reflects large provincial asymmetries due to socioeconomic, health and environmental factors. Objectives: This article analyzes the evolution of infant mortality rates (IMR) in Argentina in a recent time frame (2016-2022) and examines the social and environmental factors associated with its prevalence at the provincial level. Methodology: A longitudinal ecological study using birth and death data from the National Ministry of Health and the Permanent Household Survey (Total Urbano, INDEC). Annual rates and provincial coefficients of variation were calculated, and multiple linear regression models were applied to estimate associations with socioeconomic variables and basic infrastructure. Results: The IMR showed a downward trend, with persistent regional inequalities. The lowest rates were recorded in the south (Tierra del Fuego, Neuquén), and the highest in the northeast (Formosa, Corrientes). Neonatal mortality was mainly associated with maternal age, quality of health infrastructure, and exposure to flood zones, while postneonatal mortality was more closely associated with maternal educational level, access to mains gas, and sanitation conditions. In both cases, better basic services were associated with lower rates. Conclusions: The incorporation of housing and basic services indicators into the analysis of infant mortality provides novel evidence for Argentina. Political policies to improve health infrastructure are required to reduce territorial asymmetries.

El presente artículo aborda el problema respecto de las privaciones alimentarias en la infancia, particularmente dentro de la coyuntura de la crisis social y sanitaria por el COVID-19, con el principal propósito de estimar el efecto que pudieron tener las transferencias de ingresos no contributivas a las poblaciones de mayor vulnerabilidad en términos socioeconómicos. Recordando que las mencionadas transferencias constituyeron la principal política pública implementada en esta crisis social y a su vez de la política de mayor cobertura tanto en la población de niños/as, como en la de adolescentes en el país. A través de una aproximación cuantitativa se procura estimar, no solo el efecto de dichas transferencias monetarias en la inseguridad alimentaria, controlando el estrato socioeconómico de los hogares, sino también otros factores estructurales y sociodemográficos que se encuentran asociados al fenómeno y son pre-existentes a la crisis de referencia. Cabe concluir, que los resultados son robustos en señalar el efecto protector de las transferencias no contributivas en poblaciones vulnerables en el marco de esta crisis y la relevancia persistente de las características ocupacionales y educativas de los adultos de referencia de los niños/as, y las configuraciones familiares (monoparentalidad y cantidad de niños/as en el hogar) que profundizan los riesgos sociales. The present article addresses the issue of food deprivation in childhood, particularly within the context of the social and health crisis caused by COVID-19, with the main purpose of estimating the effect that non-contributory income transfers may have had on the socio-economic vulnerability of populations. It is worth noting that these mentioned transfers constituted the main public policy implemented in this social crisis and, at the same time, the policy with the broadest coverage among both children and adolescents in the country. Through a quantitative approach, the aim is to estimate not only the effect of these monetary transfers on food insecurity, controlling for the socioeconomic stratum of households but also other structural and sociodemographic factors associated with the phenomenon that existed before the reference crisis. It can be concluded that the results robustly indicate the protective effect of non-contributory transfers on vulnerable populations in the context of this crisis, highlighting the persistent relevance of the occupational and educational characteristics of the adults responsible for the children and the family configurations (single parenthood and the number of children in the household) that exacerbate social risks.

(analytical)This paper analyses the phenomenon of bed-sharing in terms of sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, but also considers specific vulnerabilities like domestic violence and addictions. It is worth examining whether this practice is associated only with babies, or else if vulnerable contexts also have an impact on children's and adolescent's co-sleeping. The information was obtained through Social Debts in Argentina Survey, and this quantitative research concludes that in this country not only early years bed-share, the phenomenon impairs teenage girls more often and that the socioeconomic factor plays a decisive role. For this reason, we propose the term "forced-bed-sharing”, which refers to when co-sleeping is intensified by variables like overcrowding, single-parent family type, addictions and domestic violence. Keywords: Childhood, social inequality, social structure, single parent families, demography, health.