Biodiversity is a hallmark of the Asteraceae family. Several species are known for their pharmacological potential. The search for new substances has permeated the chemistry of natural products for years. However, the development of a final product is still a challenge. Plant extracts have physicochemical characteristics that sometimes hinder administration, requiring a formulation. In this context, nanotechnology emerges as a tool to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters of several pharmacologically active substances. Nanoemulsions, liposomes, and nanoparticles are used to carry the active ingredients and thus improve therapeutic action, especially for substances with solubility and absorption problems. This paper aimed at compiling all the studies that used nanotechnology to develop formulations from species of the Asteraceae family from 2010 to 2021 in a literature review. The search showed that nanoemulsions are the most developed formulation associated with essential oils. The use of nanotechnology promoted an improvement in the pharmacokinetic parameters of active substances.

This work aimed to investigate the main components of methanol fractions (MFSC and MFSCf) from Saccharum officinarum L. juice and their in vivo antinociceptive potential. After LC-ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS analysis, phenolic compounds, such as dicaffeoylquinic acid, schaftoside, vicenin-2, stilbene glycoside and the major compound tricin-7-O-(2″- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-α-D-galacturonide (1), were identified. MFSC and MFSCf significantly inhibited nociceptive responses in classical mice pain models. The isolated flavone, 1, inhibited strongly the neurogenic phase in formalin test without interfering with the inflammatory one. The co-administration of the opioid antagonist, naloxone, significantly reversed the antinociceptive effects on the neurogenic phase of both methanol fractions and 1, demonstrating the involvement of the opioid system on the antinociceptive effect. This work describes for the first time the antinociceptive effect of flavonoids present in sugarcane juice, highlighting the isolation and the structural elucidation of tricin-7-O-(2″-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-α-D-galacturonide through ESI-MS/MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR.

Skin aging, including photoaging, is primarily triggered by chronic exposure to solar radiation, which induces free radical formation, cellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, and structural skin alterations. Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) is rich in phenolic compounds and alkamides, substances known for their antioxidant activity. This study aimed to develop and characterize a photoprotective phytocosmetic nanoemulsion containing crude root extract of A. millefolium. The extract exhibited a total phenolic content of 3.067 ± 1.911 µg GAE/mL, potent antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 69.11 ± 8.899 µg/mL), moderate tyrosinase inhibition (19 ± 1.8%), and no cytotoxicity in keratinocytes. The extract was incorporated into nanoemulsions at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%. The resulting droplets showed mean diameters of 217 to 230 nm, with a significant increase in the polydispersity index (PDI) after extract addition (p < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the spherical morphology of the droplets. The in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) was 14 ± 0.9 in the control formulation and increased to 15 ± 2.0 (0.1%), 22 ± 5.2 (0.5%), and 17 ± 1.0 (1%), suggesting a synergistic effect between the extract and chemical filters. All formulations demonstrated UVA/UVB ratio > 0.6, a pH near to 5, occlusive properties, and good spreadability. The results indicate that A. millefolium extract holds potential for safe photoprotective formulations, offering a valuable antioxidant and depigmenting activity in addition to enhancing the SPF. This position is an innovative alternative to phytocosmetic development.

Anais do IX Encontro da Saúde do IFRJ/Campus Realengo (978-65-5941-567-0) - Química Farmacêutica Nas Escolas: Uso Racional De Medicamentos E A Pandemia De Covid-19