Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is strongly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may serve as a marker of vascular pathology. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors are the mainstay of treatment. Considering this link, cardiologists and internists might be expected to play a key role in therapy initiation. Purpose: This study evaluated prescription patterns of PDE-5 inhibitors in Poland, focusing on physician specialization and consultation type. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of electronic health records from over 300 outpatient clinics (2014–2024). Men >18 years with newly diagnosed ED were included. Data on the first prescriptions of sildenafil and tadalafil were assessed. Ethical approval was obtained. Results: A total of 11,998 patients were identified (mean age 42 years; mean BMI 26.54 kg/m²). Common comorbidities included hypercholesterolemia (67.0%), hypertension (58.5%), obesity (31.5%), and diabetes (12.4%). PDE-5 inhibitors (predominantly tadalafil (≈67%)) were prescribed in 71.5% of cases. Urologists accounted for 51.0% of prescriptions, sexologists 14.9%, internists 20.4%, and cardiologists only 0.10%. Treated patients were younger and had a lower BMI, fewer comorbidities, and more favorable metabolic profiles (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, cardiologists and internists rarely initiate PDE-5 therapy. Prescribing is dominated by urologists despite high rates of cardiovascular comorbidities. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating metabolic and cardiovascular risk assessment is warranted.

Cel pracy. Celem pracy było przedstawienie procesu pielęgnowania nad pacjentem po zabiegu PCI CTO z użyciem urządzenia PulseCath iVAC 2L, opartego na klasyfikacji Międzynarodowej Klasyfikacji Praktyki Pielęgniarskiej (ICNP®). Materiał i metody. Badanie opierało się na studium indywidualnego przypadku, z zastosowaniem wywiadu pielęgniarskiego, obserwacji, analizy dokumentacji medycznej oraz pomiaru podstawowych parametrów życiowych. Zostało przeprowadzone w czerwcu 2024 roku w warunkach szpitalnych, po uzyskaniu zgody pacjenta. Obserwacja trwała 5 dni. Wyniki. Pacjent, 79-letni mężczyzna z chorobą wieńcową, przeszedł PCI CTO z zastosowaniem urządzenia PulseCath iVAC 2L. Procedura zakończyła się sukcesem, a pacjent nie doznał poważnych powikłań. Po zabiegu pacjent był monitorowany, a jego stan zdrowia uległ poprawie. Przed i po zabiegu obserwowano poprawę parametrów hemodynamicznych. Wnioski. Wykorzystanie klasyfikacji ICNP® pozwoliło na holistyczne podejście do procesu opieki nad pacjentem, zapewniając systematyczne diagnozowanie i planowanie interwencji pielęgniarskich. Kluczową rolą personelu pielęgniarskiego było monitorowanie stanu pacjenta, zarządzanie bólem oraz zapobieganie powikłaniom, co przyczyniło się do poprawy jakości życia pacjenta po zabiegu.

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes and obesity and significantly affects patients’ quality of life. Nursing care for patients with metabolic multimorbidity requires a holistic, structured approach. The International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP^®) enables standardized formulation of nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes and supports structured and individualized ICNP^®-based care planning. Aim: This study aimed to develop and present an ICNP^®-based nursing care plan for a patient with erectile dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity and to demonstrate the applicability of ICNP^® in holistic nursing management of chronic disease. Methods: A descriptive single-case study was conducted in 2025 in a cardiology ward in Poland. Data were collected using a nursing interview, observation, medical documentation analysis, and standardized tools (IIEF-5, SF-36v2). Based on a comprehensive assessment of physical, psychological, and social status, nursing diagnoses, interventions, and expected outcomes were formulated according to ICNP^® terminology. Results: The patient presented with poorly controlled diabetes, class I obesity, moderate erectile dysfunction, reduced testosterone levels, and decreased quality of life, particularly in psychosocial domains. Key ICNP^® nursing diagnoses included erectile dysfunction, deficient knowledge, obesity, disturbed psychological status, impaired endocrine function, impaired cardiovascular function, and impaired adaptation. Individualized ICNP^®-based interventions focused on metabolic control, lifestyle modification, sexual health support, education, and psychosocial support. Implementation of the care plan was associated with improvements in health behaviors, disease knowledge, and psychological well-being. Conclusions: ICNP^® provides a useful framework for structured and comprehensive nursing care in patients with diabetes-related erectile dysfunction and multimorbidity. Case-based ICNP^® care planning supports holistic management, interdisciplinary collaboration, and quality improvement in chronic disease nursing.

Najnowsze statystki badań na całym świecie podkreślają gwałtowny wzrost liczby pacjentów borykających się z problemem otyłości, które częściej sygnalizują trudności w sferze seksualnej. Stanowi ona główny czynnik determinujący występowanie wielu patologii, w tym zaburzeń seksualnych populacji. Otyłość u mężczyzn doprowadza do występowania zaburzeń erekcji i zmniejszenia popędu seksualnego, a co za tym idzie zmniejszenia częstotliwości współżycia. Może być przyczyną występowania licznych zaburzeń gospodarki hormonalnej, co skutkuje spadkiem stężenia testosteronu i występowaniem dysfunkcji seksualnych oraz wzrostem niektórych cytokin prozapalnych. Jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod inwazyjnego leczenia otyłości jest operacja bariatryczna. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przegląd literatury przedmiotu związany z zaburzeniami erekcji u pacjentów otyłych po operacji bariatrycznej.

Introduction: Modern, professional nursing is moving away from the traditional nursing model, focusing on evidence-based interventions (EBP). The practical use of scientific research results in professional work which translates positively into an increase in the quality of nursing care provided. Aim of the research: Comparative analysis of professional competences of nursing staff in relation to practice based on scientific evidence in the Mazowieckie, Lubelskie, and Swietokrzyskie voivodeships. Material and methods: A total of 173 professionally active nurses working in the Mazowieckie (n = 62, 36%), Lubelskie (n = 56, 32%), and Swietokrzyskie (n = 55, 32%) voivodeships took part in a voluntary and anonymous online survey. The following research tools were used: the Standardised Evidence-Based Practice Profile Questionnaire and the Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale. The research was conducted in accordance with the descriptive statistics methodology. Results: It was found that 71% of nurses were aware of the existence of practice based on scientific evidence, and the same number of respondents claimed that EBP is a modern model of practicing the nursing profession. As many as 90% of respondents intended to expand their knowledge about the idea of EBP. Only 9% of nurses declared that they would not develop professional competences based on scientific literature. For more than half (55%) of nurses, lack of time was the main barrier limiting the use of EBP principles in their professional work. Conclusions: We can conclude the following: 1) a higher level of professional competence obtained by nursing staff directly translates into the degree of practical use of EBP, 2) evidence-based nursing practice significantly improves quality in nursing. 3). Lack of time and workload limit the frequency of using EBP.

Introduction: ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based language model, has gained popularity in medicine, although concerns remain regarding the accuracy and clinical applicability of its generated content. Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus databases, including 29 studies published between 2022 and 2024. The review included publications evaluating the accuracy, readability, comprehensiveness, and clinical utility of medical information generated by ChatGPT. Results: ChatGPT’s content was generally consistent with clinical knowledge, although the quality varied depending on language, query formulation, and medical domain. Responses in English were usually more accurate. Limitations included lack of references, insufficient contextual and emotional understanding, and inconsistencies with medical guidelines in complex cases. Conclusions: ChatGPT shows potential as an educational and clinical decision-support tool but requires further refinement and standardisation of evaluation methods.