Background/Objectives: The success of peritoneal dialysis is highly dependent on the integrity of the abdominal wall. Therefore, routine examination and treatment of abdominal hernias can prevent peritoneal dialysis (PD) failure, discontinuation, and conversion to hemodialysis. In this present study, we present our examination protocol for patients proposed for PD and our attitude in treating parietal defects in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Objectives: highlight whether PD is a risk factor for the occurrence of ventral hernias, the relationship between associated pathologies and the occurrence of hernias and the need for an HD switch in the postoperative period. Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2022, a group of 133 patients proposed for insertion of a PD catheter were evaluated according to the protocol established by our hospital. Routine examination for the diagnosis of abdominal hernias and repair before starting the DP is part of the procedure. We included patients with a 3 year minimum follow-up after insertion and evaluated the incidence of parietal defects that appeared during PD treatment. Results: Nine patients were diagnosed and operated on for abdominal hernia before starting peritoneal dialysis and none of them had a recurrence of hernia during PD. Twelve patients were diagnosed with abdominal hernias during dialysis treatment (9% incidence) and the median length of time at which parietal defects occur during PD is 12.5 months [range 2–48]. Median BMI is 27.12 [range 22.3–31.24], with a female–male ratio of 2:1 Five patients were transferred to HD, three permanently and two patients temporarily. No patient abandoned PD treatment due to the presence of an abdominal parietal defect. Conclusions: Diagnosis of ventral hernias prior to the time of catheterization for PD leads to a decrease in the incidence of parietal defects during PD and is mandatory in patients who are candidates for PD. Open alloplastic surgical procedures are safe procedures with a low recurrence rate in PD patients. The postoperative continuation of PD is feasible but the decision is to be made by the multidisciplinary team and individualized for each patient.

The incidence of breast and colorectal cancers is well established in studies, but the synchronous occurrence of the two types of tumors is a rarity. In general, they are discovered during screening investigations following the diagnosis of an initial tumor. Objective: Our aim is to describe the main diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for synchronous breast and colorectal tumors. Materials and methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature for cases or case series, using established keywords (synchronous breast and colon tumor and synonyms) for the period of 1970–2023. Five reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. The results were processed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: A total of 15 cases were included in the study, including 2 males (age 50 and 57) and 13 females (median age 60, with range from 40 to 79). In a vast majority of the cases, the diagnosis of synchronous tumor was prompted by the first tumor’s workup. The first diagnosed tumor was colorectal in nine cases and a breast tumor in six cases. The most common histopathological type of breast tumor was invasive ductal carcinoma, and the colon tumors were exclusively adenocarcinomas. All cases had a surgical indication for both breast and colorectal tumor, except one case, in which the breast tumor had multiple metastasis. In four cases, the surgery was performed concomitantly (colectomy and mastectomy). In three cases, surgery was initially carried out for the breast tumor, followed by colon surgery. Oncological treatment was indicated depending on the tumor stage. Conclusions: For the treatment of synchronous tumors, the Tumor Board (T.B) decision is mandatory and must be personalized for each patient. Developing new methods of treatment and investigation may play an important role in the future for understanding synchronous tumor development, incidence, and outcome.

Background. Peritoneal dialysis is a form of kidney function replacement that is not as widespread as hemodialysis. However, it has recognized advantages, such as preservation of residual renal function, lack of vascular access, and the ability to be performed at home. On the other hand, it requires the correct insertion of a peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter and maintaining its patency. Methods. We conducted a retrospective study of 126 patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent laparoscopic Tenckhoff catheter placement for peritoneal dialysis between January 2016 and December 2022. The study analyzed the frequency and type of complications registered within three months, in order to validate laparoscopy as a safe method of catheter insertion (with reduced periprocedural complications), as well as the importance of the multidisciplinary team in the care of patients with peritoneal dialysis. Results. In about 14% of patients, we encountered a total of 23 complications: 61% in the first month, 34.7% in the second month, and 4.3% in the third month. The most frequent complication was infection (peritonitis 35%, catheter exit site infection 30.4%), followed by peri-catheter leak (21.7% of total complications). Catheter migration, hernia, and significant bleeding were rare events (4.3% of total complications each). All complications were managed by medical treatment, except two cases which required replacement of the catheter. Conclusions. Laparoscopic catheter insertion is a safe procedure with low post-procedural complications in patients who are dependent on peritoneal dialysis.