Precision agriculture technologies (PATs) transform crop production by enabling more sustainable and efficient agricultural practices. These technologies utilize data‐driven approaches to optimize the management of crops, soil, and resources, thus enhancing both productivity and environmental sustainability. This article reviewed the application of PATs for sustainable crop production and environmental sustainability around the globe. Key components of PAT include remote sensing, GPS‐guided equipment, variable rate technology (VRT), and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Remote sensing and drones deliver high‐resolution imagery and data, enabling precise monitoring of crop health, soil conditions, and pest activity. GPS‐guided machinery ensures accurate planting, fertilizing, and harvesting, which reduces waste and enhances efficiency. VRT optimizes resource use by allowing farmers to apply inputs such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides at varying rates across a field based on real‐time data and specific crop requirements. This reduces over‐application and minimizes environmental impact, such as nutrient runoff and greenhouse gas emissions. IoT devices and sensors provide continuous monitoring of environmental conditions and crop status, enabling timely and informed decision‐making. The application of PAT contributes significantly to environmental sustainability by promoting practices that conserve water, reduce chemical usage, and enhance soil health. By enhancing the precision of agricultural operations, these technologies reduce the environmental impact of farming, while simultaneously boosting crop yields and profitability. As the global demand for food increases, precision agriculture offers a promising pathway to achieving sustainable crop production and ensuring long‐term environmental health.

Peanut production plays a crucial role in global food security, particularly in developing countries, where it provides essential nutrition and income. This paper examines the optimization of peanut production through genetic advancements, climate adaptation strategies, and sustainable practices. The primary objective is to increase yields by addressing challenges related to climate change, pests, and resource constraints. Globally, peanut production is hindered by rising temperatures, irregular rainfall, and declining soil quality, impacting both yield and quality. Developing countries, especially in Africa and Asia, face additional challenges, such as limited access to advanced agricultural technologies, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient support for smallholder farmers. The vital issues include genetic vulnerabilities to pests, climate stress, and inefficient water use. Recent genetic research has provided insights into breeding more resilient, drought-resistant varieties, offering hope for improving yields, despite environmental challenges. The adoption of climate adaptation strategies, precision farming, and integrated pest management is essential for boosting productivity. These, along with optimized irrigation and nutrient management, have significantly impacted peanut production in resource-limited settings. Additionally, drought-resistant varieties have proven crucial, enabling farmers to increase resilience and yields in areas facing climate stress. In conclusion, optimizing peanut production requires continued investment in genetic advancements, infrastructure, and sustainable practices. Future efforts should focus on improving climate adaptation and sustainable farming techniques for long-term success.

Heavy metals pose a significant threat to public health and economic stability in Ethiopia, contaminating various environmental media, including water, soil, and air. This paper aimed to provide an overview of the public health and economic burden of heavy metals in Ethiopia. Exposure to heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic has been linked to numerous adverse health effects, including neurological disorders, renal failure, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In Ethiopia, populations are particularly vulnerable to heavy metal exposure due to various factors, such as artisanal mining, industrial activities, agricultural practices, and inadequate waste management systems. The economic burden of heavy metal contamination manifests through increased healthcare costs, loss of productivity, and environmental remediation expenses. Furthermore, the impact extends to sectors such as agriculture and tourism, affecting national development goals and exacerbating poverty levels. Efforts to mitigate the public health and economic burdens of heavy metals in Ethiopia require multidisciplinary approaches, including policy interventions, regulatory enforcement, public awareness campaigns, and investment in sustainable development practices. Strengthening monitoring systems, implementing pollution control measures, and promoting research on alternative technologies for waste management are essential steps toward addressing this pressing issue. In conclusion, addressing the public health and economic challenges posed by heavy metal contamination in Ethiopia necessitates concerted efforts from the government, industry, academia, and civil society to safeguard human health, preserve the environment, and promote sustainable development.