Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) possess appropriate bandgaps and interact via van der Waals (vdW) forces between layers, effectively overcoming lattice compatibility challenges inherent in traditional heterojunctions. This property facilitates the creation of heterojunctions with customizable bandgap alignments. However, the prevailing method for creating heterojunctions with 2D-TMDs relies on the low-efficiency technique of mechanical exfoliation. Sb₂Te₃, recognized as a notable p-type semiconductor, emerges as a versatile component for constructing diverse vertical p–n heterostructures with 2D-TMDs. This study presents the successful large-scale deposition of 2D Sb₂Te₃ onto inert mica substrates, providing valuable insights into the integration of Sb₂Te₃ with 2D-TMDs to form heterostructures. Building upon this initial advancement, a precise epitaxial growth method for Sb₂Te₃ on pre-existing WS₂ surfaces on SiO₂/Si substrates is achieved through a two-step chemical vapor deposition process, resulting in the formation of Sb₂Te₃/WS₂ heterojunctions. Finally, the development of 2D Sb₂Te₃/WS₂ optoelectronic devices is accomplished, showing rapid response times, with a rise/decay time of 305 μs/503 μs, respectively.

Water droplets exist ubiquitously in nature, and as a typical representative of tiny energy carriers, the collection and utilization of their energy have long been a challenging research topic. To address the issue of low charge density in traditional Water Droplet Triboelectric Nanogenerator (WD-TENG), this paper fabricated a charge pump-enhanced WD-TENG enhanced by a charge excitation strategy. The charge pump-enhanced WD-TENG is mainly composed of a boost circuit and a water droplet control system. Water droplets are polarized in a strong electric field, and the polarized water droplets achieve the separation of positive and negative charges under the action of gravity and electric field, thereby increasing the charge density and further enhancing the output of WD-TENG. The maximum output voltage of a 50 μL water droplet is 182.86 V, the short circuit current is 153.67 μA, the transferred charge is 125.97 nC, and the charge density is 2.52 C/m3. A 50 μL water droplet delivers a power of 7.12 mW, and its output energy is sufficient to light up 65 light-emitting diodes or ensure the normal operation of a hygrometer, demonstrating that the device exhibits a high output power.