To study the impact of soil salinity type and degree in irrigated lands on the process of crop yield formation, multiparametric and single-parameter mathematical models were used. The methodological basis of the study was the materialist theory of scientific knowledge (analysis and synthesis) and the laws of ecology, using graph-analytical methods based on artificial intelligence and the applied software product Microsoft Office. To create the database, an empirical method of generalizing research results was used to study the effect of soil salinity type and degree in irrigated lands on the yield of agricultural crops in various natural and climatic zones of Central Asia for the period from 1932 to 2020. Based on plotting graphs of the dependence of the relative yield of agricultural crops on the dimensionless (relative) value of soil salinity type and degree, based on research data, the following results were obtained: first, differential equations describing the studied process were derived; second, within the framework of a very high determination index confirming a strong correlation between the function arguments and yield, a system of exponential, logarithmic, and polynomial equations was obtained using the applied software product Microsoft Office, which enables the management of agricultural crop yields on saline soils; and third, it creates prerequisites for the design of ecologically sustainable agro-landscapes.

Following the development and further improvement of the ecosystem approach to the development of saline marginal lands, a theoretical justification has been prepared for the conceptual model of the technology for the management of the salinity and nutritional regime of marginal lands, where the development of such land takes place in three symmetrical and parallel-sequential actions in time at annual intervals on the basis of biologination of land reclamation, programming productivity of agricultural crops with desalinization of the saline soil to a certain acceptable level subject to leaching limit and chemical reclamation, taking into account the environmental management requirements and classification of the saline soil and salt tolerance of agricultural crops. In addition, the distinctive peculiarities of the proposed technology are the possibility to implement the entire complex of environment-forming functions of the natural system, including the assessment of energy resources of the soil and vegetation cover (various agro-ecological categories), productivity of agricultural land using the reference yield methods, water consumption deficit of agricultural land and leaching limits, ensuring the gradual achievement of the safe level of salinity, using the biological characteristics of salt-tolerant crops (halophytes) and chemical reclamation, based on gypsuming of the topsoil, owing to a balanced supply of mineral fertilizers, and based on their rationing, taking into account planning the yield of cultivated crops.