After over 20 years of a strict moratorium on the turnover of agricultural land in Ukraine, an official market for this type of land has recently been established. The purpose of this study was to examine the functioning of the fundamental elements of this market from the moment of its introduction on 1 July 2021 until today, as well as to understand the possible directions for its further development. The analysis of the agricultural land market and the visualization of the obtained results were carried out using the PostgreSQL database, Python and SQL programming languages, and the QGIS and Metabase tools. It was found that the volume of the agricultural land market remains insignificant, as the total area of sold land during this period made up only 0.7% of the arable land area of Ukraine. Prices for land plots remained at the level of their normative monetary value and are still relatively low, which indicates the significant undercapitalization of agricultural land as a production factor. The stability of agricultural land prices under the influence of various factors also indicates their relative virtuality, which, taking into account the further lifting of restrictions on the size of land plots to be sold as of 1 January 2024, requires the use of appropriate land policy instruments in order to fully utilize the multipurpose role of land in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, which should be based on a human-rights-based approach to rural development, food security, and land policy.

Land use transformation, the longest-standing human-driven environmental alteration, is a pressing and complex issue that significantly impacts European landscapes and contributes to global environmental change. The urgency to act is reinforced by the European Environment Agency (EEA), which identifies industrial, commercial, and residential development—particularly near major urban centers—as key contributors to land take. As the EU sets a vision for achieving zero net land take by 2050, assessing the readiness and coherence of national legislation becomes critical. This comprehensive study employs a comparative legal analysis across five European countries—Italy, Greece, Poland, France, and Ukraine—examining their laws, strategies, and commitments related to land degradation neutrality. Using a review of national legislation and policy documents, the research identifies systemic patterns, barriers, and opportunities within current legal frameworks. The present study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, planners, and academic institutions, fostering a comprehensive understanding of existing gaps, implementation, and inconsistencies in national land use legislation. Among the results, it has become evident that a typical “pathway” between the examined states in terms of the legislative framework on land use–land take is probably a utopia for the time being. The legislations in force, in several cases, are labyrinthine and multifaceted, highlighting the urgent and immediate need for simplification and standardization. The need for this action is further underscored by the fact that, in most cases, land use frameworks are characterized by complementary legislation and ongoing amendments. Ultimately, the research underscores the critical need for harmonized governance and transparent, enforceable policies, particularly in regions where deregulated land use planning persists. The diversity in legislative layers and the decentralized role of the authorities further compounds the complexity, reinforcing the importance of cross-country dialogue and EU-wide coordination in advancing sustainable land use development.

Аннотація. На підставі проведених досліджень з’ясовано, що наповненість системи Державного земельного кадастру стосовно передбачених чинним законодавством об’єктів земельного кадастру не відповідає сучасним потребам, що не дозволяє органам державної влади та органам місцевого самоврядування, фізичним та юридичним особам здійснювати управлінські рішення на відповідних рівнях. Однією із визначальних проблем є те, що серед інституцій кадастру відсутні установи з наукового забезпечення ведення земельного кадастру та відсторонення територіальних громад як споживачів та замовників земельно-кадастрової інформації від ведення земельного кадастру. Виявлено, що у відомостях кадастру міститься велика кількість помилок і неточностей, а його структура, організаційно-правові засади та інформаційні процеси потребують суттєвого удосконалення. З огляду на це, авторами наведені пропозиції з виправлення недоліків у функціонуванні системи земельного кадастру на підставі проведення комплексних наукових досліджень на базі земель установ, організацій та підприємств НААН, серед яких пріоритетну позицію займають: удосконалення методології ведення земельного кадастру, методик, правил, стандартів, класифікаторів, які використовуються у землеустрої та кадастрі у сучасних економічних умовах; відновлення державної статистичної звітності з земельних ресурсів у складі кадастру; розвиток інформаційно-аналітичного забезпечення управління земельними ресурсами на різних рівнях через відповідні електронні кабінети; розвиток кадастру як основи національної інфраструктури геопросторових даних. Особливу увагу приділено застосуванню наукових принципів у веденні земельного кадастру (завершеності, дзеркальності, довіри, страхування, безперервності, згоди, публічності) з урахуванням світових трендів. Ключові слова: державний земельний кадастр, наукове обґрунтування, принципи, методологія ведення земельного кадастру, помилки, неточності

The possibility and expediency of using the ideology of geospatial data infrastructure (hereinafter NIGD) to create a system of accounting and management of land complexes of enterprises and local communities, including UTC, is considered. The need to create accounting systems and management of land and property complexes is due to: large-scale transition to digital technologies in the management of enterprises, institutions and territories, real estate taxation, decentralization processes, the creation of the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure. The necessity to take into account the principles and standards of the national infrastructure of geospatial data is substantiated. Areas have been formed in which information on land and property complexes can be used to fill the National Infrastructure of geospatial data and justify management decisions. Among the key issues that will ensure the use of the ideology of NIGD to create a system of accounting and management of land complexes of enterprises and local communities, including UTC, it is necessary to address the interoperability of data on land complexes, the use of a single cartographic basis, principles and data validation procedures, data error correction, data access mechanisms for process participants, reusability and data licensing.

Aim of the study: The aim of the study is a determination of economic losses on agricultural lands (arable land) that have been affected by hostilities and need further measures to demine them and to make them eligible for safe food production in order to resolve acute humanitarian and food crisis. Material and methods: The generally accepted methods of scientific research are used: monographic, statistical, analytical, method of comparison, method of interpolation, forecasting, abstract-logical and engraving. Results and conclusions: Economic losses caused by hostilities on the example of the agricultural lands (arable land) in Kyivska oblast in Ukraine were calculated. The spatial aspect of administrative-territorial reform carried out in Ukraine in terms of changes to the number of administrative districts and their area is considered. It was made to be able to work with the data regarding agricultural lands collected for both new and old administrative-territorial divisions of Kyivska oblast. The approximate term of demining works on territories affected by hostilities is considered, taking into account various degree of the shelling intensity and demining works complexity. The unearned income of agricultural producers within cereals, legumes and oilseeds in Kyivska oblast were calculated. The calculations of economic losses associated with the cost of demining works and the impossibility of growing crops in Kyivska oblast were made. Results obtained for Kyivska oblast were interpolated in order to determine the approximate area of arable land affected by hostilities and therefore economic losses on these lands throughout Ukraine.

The goals and objectives of land monitoring and quality control are substantiated soils, including monitoring the economic and legal status of lands, their circulation and quality of soils, assessment and forecast of changes to ensure the organs public administration and local government relevant information for development of proposals and implementation of measures to prevent negative phenomena and trends in land use. The need to introduce a land monitoring system is due to: systematic deterioration of the quantitative accounting of lands, the actual lack of accounting quality of land, the requirements for the development of market land relations. The necessity of taking into account the principles and standards of the national is substantiated geospatial data infrastructure. The directions in which the results are formed are formed land monitoring can be used to regulate land relations and making management decisions regarding land use and the formation of turnover land plots. Among the key issues to consider when creating a system land monitoring, identified: the need for information technology, list of monitoring objects; attribute data of monitoring objects; unified standards and data formats; credibility and updating tools data, including by detecting anomalies and correcting errors in the data; mechanisms of information interaction between all participants of the monitoring process.