The reconstruction of the foreskin using autografts is a complex procedure. A novel decellularisation method for epithelial tissue has been developed, producing an extracellular matrix scaffold from human donor foreskin. This study evaluated the immune response and integration of this scaffold after implantation in rats, focusing on inflammatory infiltrate, neovascularization, recellularization, and foreign body reaction. Twenty-six rats underwent a 1 cm infrascapular incision with scaffold implantation in the hypodermal layer. Group A (13 rats) was subject to a 30-day follow-up period, while Group B (13 rats) was subject to a 5-day follow-up period. Inflammation at the implantation site was scored from 0 (none) to 3 (severe). Tissue explants were. After 5 days (Group B) and 30 days (Group A), a tissue explant was performed and examined histologically and immunohistochemically. The clinical evaluation revealed slight signs of inflammation during the initial five days following the implantation procedure. Neutrophil (0.87 ± 0.35; 1 ± 0.53) and eosinophil (0.61 ± 0.51; 0.75 ± 0.46) presence was slight, with no significant differences between groups. Lymphocyte infiltration was moderate (1.87 ± 0.35; 1.75 ± 0.46), exceeding macrophage presence (1.25 ± 0.46; 1.12 ± 0.35). Neovascularization and cellular colonization were significantly greater at 30 days (2 ± 0.53; 2.42 ± 0.53) compared to 5 days (0.57 ± 0.21; 0.62 ± 0.32). Encapsulation remained mild in all cases, with no intergroup differences (0.87 ± 0.35). These findings indicate that the decellularized extracellular matrix derived from human foreskin elicits minimal immune response while promoting neovascularization and cellular repopulation. This supports its potential use as a biocompatible scaffold in reconstructive procedures.

The aim of this study was to describe one-point (preiliac approach) and two-point (preiliac and retrocostal approach) blocks of the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) on a cadaveric model. For this purpose, ultrasound-guided infiltration of the plane between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles was performed and, after dissection of tissues, the areas and percentage of nerve fibers involved were analyzed. Injection into the TAP plexus of a 1 mL/kg solution of 2% lidocaine and 1% methylene blue (1:1) was performed in 30 rabbit cadavers. In fifteen rabbits (group S), the solution was inoculated at the preiliac level. In the other 15 rabbits (group D), the solution was divided into two inoculations (0.5 mL/kg at the retrocostal level and 0.5 mL/kg at the preiliac level). All cadavers were then dissected and stained spinal nerve branches were measured. Moreover, the percentage of length, height and the total area of the stained tissue were calculated. In the S group, T10, T11 and T12 nerve eminences were successfully stained in 18%, 52% and 75% of cases, respectively. Furthermore, L1, L2, L3 and L4 were stained in 95%, 100%, 60% and 40% of cases, respectively. In group D, the ventromedial eminence of T10, T11 and T12 were stained in 68.1%, 100% and 98% of cases, respectively, and L1, L2, L3 and L4 were stained in 88%, 100%, 62% and 31% of cases, respectively. In conclusion, a two-point TAP block is more effective in covering the nerve eminences of the cranial abdomen than the preiliac approach alone.