Dicranum Hedw. is a highly diverse and widely distributed genus within Dicranaceae. The species diversity and distribution of this genus in China, however, remain not well known. A new revision of Dicranum in China using morphological and molecular phylogenetic methods confirms that China has 39 species, including four newly reported species, D. bardunovii Tubanova & Ignatova, D. dispersum Engelmark, D. schljakovii Ignatova & Tubanova, and D. spadiceum J.E.Zetterst. Dicranum psathyrum Klazenga is transferred to Dicranoloma (Renauld) Renauld as a new synonym of Dicranoloma fragile Broth. Two species, Dicranum brevifolium (Lindb.) Lindb. and D. viride (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. are excluded from the bryoflora of China. A key to the Chinese Dicranum species is also provided. These results indicate an underestimation of the distribution range of numerous Dicranum species, underscoring the need for further in-depth investigations into the worldwide Dicranum diversity.

Riccia is the largest genus of complex thalloid liverworts (Marchantiopsida) with over 250 species currently accepted. Our recent investigation of Chinese liverworts found two interesting Riccia species, R. junghuhniana and Riccia subcrinita sp. nov. Riccia junghuhniana is currently known from Australia and Indonesia, while Riccia subcrinita is known only from China. Riccia subcrinita is similar to R. crinita, but differs in having smaller spores (56–71 µm in diameter), and spore distal surface and proximal surface alveoli without thick borders. The sequences of rbcL, rps4, and trnL-F, detailed descriptions, and illustrations of the Chinese specimens are provided. The range extension of R. junghuhniana suggests that more taxa of Riccia may have a wider distribution. The discovery of R. junghuhniana and the new species also suggests that a more intensive survey of Riccia diversity in China is necessary.

Hedwigia is a small genus that currently comprises only 12 accepted species. However, taxonomic issues within this genus remain not thoroughly resolved, and its species diversity in China is still debatable. In this study, we conducted an integrative taxonomic revision of Hedwigia in China based on both molecular and morphological evidence. We found an interesting species from Yunnan and Sichuan Province having an unknown combination of morphological characters. The molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial nad5, chloroplast trnL-trnF and nuclear ITS markers suggest that this unknown moss represents a new species described here as H. sinica W.Z.Huang & R.L.Zhu, sp. nov. In addition, Hedwigia nemoralis Ignatova, Ignatov & Fedosov is proposed as a new synonym of H. filiformis (Michx.) P.Beauv. based on morphological and molecular evidence. Furthermore, H. czernyadjevae Ignatova, Ignatov & Fedosov, previously known only from Russia, is newly reported for China. The presence in China of H. stellata Hedenäs and H. ciliata (Hedw.) Boucher is doubtful because the voucher specimens of these two species were re-identified as H. sinica and H. emodica or H. filiformis, respectively. In conclusion, at present, four species of Hedwigia are confirmed in China.