Non-structural elements of a building are often not considered in structural analysis. Therefore, due attention is not paid to them during the design process of the building. However, non-structural elements are exposed to seismic forces and therefore they are exposed to damage and failures that have psychological and economic consequences in some critical and vital structures during seismic events. Depending on the type of building the total cost of non-structural elements and the ratio of the project cost are many times higher than the cost of structural elements. In this study, the equivalent earthquake load was investigated within the scope of the design principles of non-structural building elements under the effect of the earthquake defined in Turkish Building Earthquake Code 2018.

In this paper, a series of analysis with finite element method was carried out with varying hole shapes of perforation as well as plate dimensions. Eight different models about holes that number of edges at the hole is four to infinite namely circular holes was presented. Than the analyze results of these models with different boundary conditions as fixed supported and simply supported at four edges were compared. In this study it has shown that when the number of edges for a hole is infinite, in other words when the perforation of the plate is circular, mid-point deflection is decreasing according to the other perforation styles. And also analyze results of eight different models of perforated plates are given in tables and comparative graphs.

Critical deflection and stress values of perforated circular plates under loads has an important role on the design criteria. For the perforated circular plates, the basic problem is determining how they have a perforation schema for the most suitable design. For this purpose, 10 different perforated circular plate models were presented and their static analysis was studied. All of the models have the same open area percentage but different number of holes. In this way, it was more convenient to compare the results. The circular plates were analyzed under their self-weight and uniformly distributed load with different nine thickness to diameter ratios obtained based on Classical Plate Theory. In addition, two set of analyses have been performed on the circular plates for fixed supported and simply supported boundary conditions. As an example, for the 6th model critical displacement and stress values under self-weight and under uniformly distributed load are investigated in detail. Designers of perforated circular plates can use the graphics presented in this study. The present study also purposes the shape optimization of thin circular perforated plates with round and staggered holes.

In this study, equal strength cantilever and simply supported beams made of functionally graded material (FGM) whose material properties vary though the height direction were investigated. These equal strength cantilever FGM beams were loaded with uniformly distributed load and a point load at the tip and simply supported FGM beams were loaded with uniformly distributed loads. They have all variable cross-section and straight axis. For calculating equivalent material properties of FGMs, power law distribution and Mori-Tanaka model were used. A computer program was developed for the analysis of the problem. The dimensionless deflection values for cantilever beams and simply supported beams were obtained for different materials by the help of developed computer program. Obtained results are presented in the form of tables and graphs which may be useful for the researchers.