Traditionally, Andrographis paniculata has been used as an herbal remedy for lung infection treatments. Its leaves contain a diterpenoid labdane called andrographolide responsible for a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. This manuscript is a brief review of the antioxidant mechanisms and the regulation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) signaling pathway by andrographolide.

An iodine-catalyzed sulfenylation of imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines, -pyrimidines, and [1,2-b]pyridazines is herein described with various thiophenols using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent in PEG₄₀₀. The method enabled the formation of 3-arylthioimidazoheterocycles in moderate to excellent yields under metal-free conditions. Several functional groups were well tolerated under our optimized conditions.

We report here the first investigation of the use of eucalyptol as a new solvent for organic transformations. Heterocycles containing oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen were chosen as targets or as starting materials for widely used palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions, i.e. Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira–Hagihara reactions. Eucalyptol turned out to be a viable sustainable alternative to common solvents.