Introduction. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can be caused by a number of microorganisms that vary greatly in size, life cycle, clinical manifestations, and sensitivity to available treatments. Transmission of STIs can occur during unprotected (or condomless) sexual contact and through the exchange of body fluids during any type of activity. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases remains high in the world, despite diagnostic and therapeutic improvements for these infectious diseases that rapidly eliminate the contagiousness of patients. Our study determines the prevalence of STI pathogens in adolescents and young adults in the population of the Province of Macerata (Italy). We will analyze data in correspondence to age and gender, and we will compare our results to international studies. Materials and Method. We analyzed STI test results from the entire database of a Provincial Health Authority for the period 2021–2022. The samples came from the following age groups: 0–12, 13–18, 19–25, and 26–35 from 2021 to 2022. The results came from vaginal and cervical swabs (for females); urethral, rectal, and pharyngeal swabs (for males and females); and seminal fluid (for males) for the following infections: HPV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasmas, Gardnerella, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidum. The results also came from blood tests for HIV, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and Treponema pallidum (TPHA, VDRL). In addition, we examined results from urine tests for chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas, and Treponema pallidum. Conclusions. The literature for other countries reports the need for comprehensive, culturally and developmentally sensitive care to address sexuality-related issues in adolescents and young adults, a need that also applies to Italy. These data will be of great importance in adopting evidence-based STI control programs in Marche Region. This study could, indeed, represent a landmark for public health officials and professionals, with the aim of promoting adolescents’ access to sexual health services to receive useful information, strengthening preventive measures in younger age groups, and designing sexual education programs.

Uterine perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumor. Most PEComas are benign and patients have good prognosis but sometimes they can have aggressive malignant and metastatic potential. Symptoms are nonspecific and similar to those of other uterine tumors. Correct preoperative diagnosis is rarely achieved due to the presence of nonspecific imaging features. At the present time, surgery is the main treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy is used in malignant cases, with different prognosis for each individual case. This case report describes a 42-year-old Caucasian woman presenting to us with a suspected intramural uterine fibroid, menometrorrhagia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). At the last check-up, an increase in the volume of the known fibroid was observed on transvaginal ultrasound, which measured 72.6×46.8×70.8 mm. The patient underwent a laparotomic myomectomy for suspected enlarged uterine leiomyoma with elevated tumor markers (LDH and CA-125). Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a PEComa of uncertain malignant potential. Following this diagnosis, a total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was performed with histological examination that confirmed the radicalization of the previous surgery without residual tumor tissue. PEComas of the uterus are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that pose significant diagnostic challenges pre-operatively due to their nonspecific imaging features and no specific Blood Markers. This underscores the importance of including PEComa in the differential diagnosis of uterine tumors to ensure optimal surgical planning and patient outcomes.