There is scarce evidence of a relationship between positive and psychosomatic characteristics. This study aimed to examine the associations of somatic burden with psychological resources such as optimism, resilience, and general self-efficacy. Russian participants (n = 1020) completed measures of psychological resources at Time 1 and somatic symptoms at Time 2. The results showed that somatic burden decreased with greater levels of optimism, resilience, and general self-efficacy. Regarding health and sociodemographic characteristics, female sex increased somatic burden in the model with optimism scores, university education decreased somatic burden in the model with resilience scores, and history of COVID-19 disease increased somatic burden in the models with optimism, resilience, and general self-efficacy scores. This study has theoretical and practical contributions. It combines positive psychology and psychosomatic medicine and highlights the value of psychological resource interventions in the treatment and prevention of somatic burden. These findings may be useful for scientists, clinicians, and practitioners.

Context and relevance. Well-being research faces methodological limitations of conventional psychometric measures, criticized for poor ecological validity, limited information yield, and inadequate capture of multidimensional construct of well-being. Advanced natural language processing (NLP) technologies offer solutions to these constraints. Objective. To evaluate opportunities and challenges of transformer-based NLP for well-being research. Methods and materials. We conducted an analytical review of current literature examining NLP applications in well-being studies. Our analysis includes a technical overview of transformer-based NLP systems, focusing on: (1) textual data versus traditional scales, and (2) methodological implications. Results. The reviewed NLP approaches demonstrate three principal advantages: (1) enhanced granularity and information density in linguistic data, (2) superior ecological validity relative to standardized scales, and (3) improved resource efficiency. However, we identify significant limitations, particularly the inadequate methodological conceptualization of these tools, which fails to keep pace with their rapid technological evolution. Conclusions. While NLP methodologies show considerable promise for advancing well-being research, their effective implementation requires substantial methodological groundwork. Essential prerequisites include: (1) establishing robust validity and reliability assessment protocols, and (2) developing comprehensive epistemological frameworks for their application.

Статья сосредоточена на конструкте «жизненной цели» из начатой реконструкции теории личности А.Н. Леонтьева. Жизненная цель определена как аналог конструкта «смысл жизни». Дано описание позиции жизненной цели в структуре личности и роли в развитии личности. Представлен критерий отличия кризиса развития личности от личностно-мотивационной динамики иного рода.