This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Kim Verbeken
Dept Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, B-9052 Gent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Corrosion
0 Failure
0 Mechanical Properties
0 hydrogen embrittlement
0 steels

Fingerprints

steels
Corrosion
hydrogen embrittlement
Mechanical Properties
Failure

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Review
Published: 14 July 2021 in JOM
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper provides an overview of recent developments in vapor explosion studies, including small- and large-scale experiments, and vapor explosion modeling. Modeling is most often carried out on large-scale systems since these models are often used at an industrial scale. Small-scale experiments typically have a configuration of droplet impingement, whereas large-scale experiments more frequently use a configuration including jetting. The state-of-the-art setups for both scales are discussed in this work, and current state-of-the-art vapor explosion modeling is reviewed.

ACS Style

Arne Simons; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Kim Verbeken. Vapor Explosions: Modeling and Experimental Analysis in Both Small- and Large-Scale Setups: A Review. JOM 2021, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Arne Simons, Inge Bellemans, Tijl Crivits, Kim Verbeken. Vapor Explosions: Modeling and Experimental Analysis in Both Small- and Large-Scale Setups: A Review. JOM. 2021; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arne Simons; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Kim Verbeken. 2021. "Vapor Explosions: Modeling and Experimental Analysis in Both Small- and Large-Scale Setups: A Review." JOM , no. : 1-18.

Research article
Published: 01 May 2021 in steel research international
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Duplex stainless steels (DSS) have a two‐phase microstructure of ferrite and austenite which results in a high strength combined with high ductility and good corrosion resistance. However, when DSS are heated to an inappropriate temperature range, e.g. during welding, the brittle sigma phase forms which deteriorates the mechanical properties. In the present work, a heat treatment is performed to intentionally create this deleterious phase. Hydrogen is introduced in this alloy to investigate the combined effect of embrittling phases (sigma phase) and hydrogen. Melt extraction analysis is performed to quantify the hydrogen uptake capacity in the steel. In‐situ mechanical tests are used to assess the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility. The uncharged DSS shows a low ductility and almost no hydrogen embrittlement is observed via an in‐situ tensile test set‐up due to its intrinsic brittle nature under tensile mode. Complementary in‐situ bending tests which are more suitable for an intrinsically brittle material are done to further evaluate the role of hydrogen on the mechanical integrity. Hydrogen charging does indeed result in additional embrittlement in the in‐situ bending set‐up. The reason is thought to be the faster initiation, interconnection and propagation of cracks in the presence of hydrogen, as indicated by microstructural characterization.

ACS Style

Loyslene Rabelo Fernandes; Lisa Claeys; Margot Pinson; Tom Depover; Dagoberto Brandão Santos; Kim Verbeken. Evaluating the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of Aged 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Containing Brittle Sigma Phase. steel research international 2021, 92, 1 .

AMA Style

Loyslene Rabelo Fernandes, Lisa Claeys, Margot Pinson, Tom Depover, Dagoberto Brandão Santos, Kim Verbeken. Evaluating the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of Aged 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Containing Brittle Sigma Phase. steel research international. 2021; 92 (8):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Loyslene Rabelo Fernandes; Lisa Claeys; Margot Pinson; Tom Depover; Dagoberto Brandão Santos; Kim Verbeken. 2021. "Evaluating the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of Aged 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Containing Brittle Sigma Phase." steel research international 92, no. 8: 1.

Research article
Published: 08 April 2021 in Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The oxidation balance is arguably one of the most important parameters during pyrometallurgical processes. In many cases, iron is the most abundant multivalent element present in silicate slags. Within these molten oxide mixtures, the oxygen balance is dominated by the relative fractions of Fe3+ and Fe2+ present. Measuring the concentration of ferrous and ferric iron in quenched slags can provide useful information about the oxidation state of the liquid slag at the moment of freezing. These measurements are not always straightforward, especially in lead-rich slags, as present in modern secondary smelting processes. Building on previous work, this article aims towards a practical and reliable methodology for determining the Fe3+ concentration in lead-rich silicate slags using continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR). The method is demonstrated for different Fe3+/\(\Sigma \)Fe ratios and a basic model is proposed that relates the slag composition to the EPR spectrum, optimized for a high-lead ternary PbO–SiO2–Fe2O3 slag.

ACS Style

Vincent Cnockaert; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Henk Vrielinck; Bart Blanpain; Kim Verbeken. Determination of the Fe3+/$${\varvec{\Sigma}}$$Fe Ratio in Synthetic Lead Silicate Slags Using X-Band CW-EPR. Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy 2021, 7, 519 -536.

AMA Style

Vincent Cnockaert, Inge Bellemans, Tijl Crivits, Henk Vrielinck, Bart Blanpain, Kim Verbeken. Determination of the Fe3+/$${\varvec{\Sigma}}$$Fe Ratio in Synthetic Lead Silicate Slags Using X-Band CW-EPR. Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. 2021; 7 (2):519-536.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Cnockaert; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Henk Vrielinck; Bart Blanpain; Kim Verbeken. 2021. "Determination of the Fe3+/$${\varvec{\Sigma}}$$Fe Ratio in Synthetic Lead Silicate Slags Using X-Band CW-EPR." Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy 7, no. 2: 519-536.

Review
Published: 27 March 2021 in steel research international
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Hydrogen embrittlement of steels is known to have considerable impact in many engineering sectors. To be able to mitigate the hydrogen embrittlement problem, a profound comprehension of the interaction of hydrogen with the steel microstructure is required. Especially the interaction of hydrogen with dislocations and vacancies is very relevant as these defects are known to play an important role in hydrogen embrittlement. At present, thermal desorption spectroscopy is mostly used to study hydrogen–defect interactions. However, information obtained solely by this technique is insufficient to obtain a full understanding of the interaction of hydrogen with these defects in the steel microstructure. Herein, the use of internal friction, as a complementary technique to thermal desorption spectroscopy, to reveal the interaction of hydrogen with dislocations and vacancies, is reviewed based on the present understanding in the literature. Furthermore, the opportunities to use internal friction to characterize the interaction between hydrogen and these defects and to give more insight into the hydrogen embrittlement mechanism are discussed. It is demonstrated that internal friction has not yet been used to its full potential for this purpose, although it entails the opportunity to develop fundamental insights into the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon.

ACS Style

Liese Vandewalle; Milan J. Konstantinović; Tom Depover; Kim Verbeken. The Potential of the Internal Friction Technique to Evaluate the Role of Vacancies and Dislocations in the Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steels. steel research international 2021, 2100037 .

AMA Style

Liese Vandewalle, Milan J. Konstantinović, Tom Depover, Kim Verbeken. The Potential of the Internal Friction Technique to Evaluate the Role of Vacancies and Dislocations in the Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steels. steel research international. 2021; ():2100037.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liese Vandewalle; Milan J. Konstantinović; Tom Depover; Kim Verbeken. 2021. "The Potential of the Internal Friction Technique to Evaluate the Role of Vacancies and Dislocations in the Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steels." steel research international , no. : 2100037.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Hypereutectoid martensitic steels possess excellent hardness levels which make them attractive materials for specific industrial applications. However, they can contain cracks and/or retained austenite after quenching which show a particular interaction with hydrogen (H). Hence, this work evaluates the interaction between H and a martensitic Fe-1.1C alloy by combining a wide variety of (H) characterization techniques with a systematic approach for specially designed H charged and heat treated samples. A detailed analysis of the microstructure for every condition serves as the basis for the interpretation. The results show that the presence of H leads to additional cracking and branching or growth of pre-existing quench cracks. Moreover, it is shown that when the temperature exceeds the retained austenite decomposition temperature while the austenitic grains contain H, additional cracking occurs which increases the amount of reversible H trapping sites thus raising the HE susceptibility.

ACS Style

M. Pinson; H. Springer; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. The effect of quench cracks and retained austenite on the hydrogen trapping capacity of high carbon martensitic steels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 46, 16141 -16152.

AMA Style

M. Pinson, H. Springer, T. Depover, K. Verbeken. The effect of quench cracks and retained austenite on the hydrogen trapping capacity of high carbon martensitic steels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; 46 (29):16141-16152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Pinson; H. Springer; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. 2021. "The effect of quench cracks and retained austenite on the hydrogen trapping capacity of high carbon martensitic steels." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 29: 16141-16152.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2021 in Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In-situ tensile testing of electrochemically hydrogen charged 304L stainless steel at different crosshead displacement rates results in a largely different elongation at fracture compared to the corresponding test in air. At slow engineering strain rates (below 1E-2 s−1), large ductility losses are observed and the alloy suffers from clear hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The HE increases with decreasing strain rate due to the increased time that is given for hydrogen to diffuse and accumulate. However, at higher engineering strain rates (above 1E-2 s−1), the ductility increases with hydrogen charging. Due to intense martensitic transformations triggered by a combined temperature and hydrogen effect, the strain hardening of the alloy improves and necking is postponed. The temperature effect is restricted by reference testing in solution showing that HE still prevails. The enhanced martensitic transformations with hydrogen open opportunities for the creation of hydrogen resistant materials where the balance between HE and enhanced martensitic transformations can be optimized for the required application. Furthermore, tensile pre-straining results in an increased HE susceptibility due to the presence of stress concentrations and α’-martensite.

ACS Style

L. Claeys; I. De Graeve; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. Impact of hydrogen and crosshead displacement rate on the martensitic transformations and mechanical properties of 304L stainless steel. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 2021, 113, 102952 .

AMA Style

L. Claeys, I. De Graeve, T. Depover, K. Verbeken. Impact of hydrogen and crosshead displacement rate on the martensitic transformations and mechanical properties of 304L stainless steel. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics. 2021; 113 ():102952.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Claeys; I. De Graeve; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. 2021. "Impact of hydrogen and crosshead displacement rate on the martensitic transformations and mechanical properties of 304L stainless steel." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 113, no. : 102952.

Research article
Published: 11 February 2021 in Materials Science and Technology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This work evaluates the effect of hydrogen on the mechanical integrity of a weld in a martensitic base metal. Different regions in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) are reproduced to investigate the interaction of the local microstructure with hydrogen. The hardness strongly depends on the distance from the welding joint due to the different phases present. The HAZ contains zones of acicular ferrite, coarse martensite and tempered martensite. Additionally, the entire weld is subjected to a constant load while being simultaneously electrochemically charged with hydrogen. During this test, a crack initiates in the filler, showing the highest hydrogen solubility as demonstrated by thermal desorption spectroscopy, while propagation occurs along the microstructure of the HAZ with the highest hardness level.

ACS Style

Simon Vander Vennet; Tim De Seranno; Tom Depover; Kim Verbeken. Assessment of the hydrogen interaction on the mechanical integrity of a welded martensitic steel. Materials Science and Technology 2021, 37, 250 -257.

AMA Style

Simon Vander Vennet, Tim De Seranno, Tom Depover, Kim Verbeken. Assessment of the hydrogen interaction on the mechanical integrity of a welded martensitic steel. Materials Science and Technology. 2021; 37 (3):250-257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simon Vander Vennet; Tim De Seranno; Tom Depover; Kim Verbeken. 2021. "Assessment of the hydrogen interaction on the mechanical integrity of a welded martensitic steel." Materials Science and Technology 37, no. 3: 250-257.

Review
Published: 29 December 2020 in Metals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Vapor explosions have been investigated both theoretically and experimentally for several decades, focusing either on the vapor film, or on mechanical aspects. Where the main interest for industry lies in the safety risks of such an event, fundamental research is focusing on all partial processes that occur during a vapor explosion. In this paper, vapor explosions are discussed from a heat transfer point of view. Generally accepted knowledge of heat transfer between hot surfaces and liquids is compared to early investigations regarding the origin of vapor explosions. Both steady state and transient models are discussed. The review of available literature suggests that vapor explosions trigger spontaneously by the collapse of the boiling film. Better understanding of the fundamental aspects of vapor explosions might give rise to future ideas on how to avoid them.

ACS Style

Arne Simons; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Kim Verbeken. Heat Transfer Considerations on the Spontaneous Triggering of Vapor Explosions—A Review. Metals 2020, 11, 55 .

AMA Style

Arne Simons, Inge Bellemans, Tijl Crivits, Kim Verbeken. Heat Transfer Considerations on the Spontaneous Triggering of Vapor Explosions—A Review. Metals. 2020; 11 (1):55.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arne Simons; Inge Bellemans; Tijl Crivits; Kim Verbeken. 2020. "Heat Transfer Considerations on the Spontaneous Triggering of Vapor Explosions—A Review." Metals 11, no. 1: 55.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in Metals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This work evaluates the effect of film-forming amines (FFA) on the acidic stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of NiCrMoV turbine steel. Contact angle measurements show an increased hydrophobicity of the surface when coating the steel with oleyl propylene diamine (OLDA). According to potentiodynamic measurements and post-mortem scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement still occur when the steel is FFA coated. In situ constant extension rate testing (CERT) in acidic aqueous environment at elevated temperature of FFA-coated steel shows a ductility gain compared to non-coated steel, explained by a decrease in both corrosion rate and hydrogen uptake.

ACS Style

Tim De Seranno; Ellen Lambrechts; Evelyn De Meyer; Wolfgang Hater; Nathalie De Geyter; Arne R. D. Verliefde; Tom DePover; Kim Verbeken. Effect of Film-Forming Amines on the Acidic Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Steam Turbine Steel. Metals 2020, 10, 1628 .

AMA Style

Tim De Seranno, Ellen Lambrechts, Evelyn De Meyer, Wolfgang Hater, Nathalie De Geyter, Arne R. D. Verliefde, Tom DePover, Kim Verbeken. Effect of Film-Forming Amines on the Acidic Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Steam Turbine Steel. Metals. 2020; 10 (12):1628.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tim De Seranno; Ellen Lambrechts; Evelyn De Meyer; Wolfgang Hater; Nathalie De Geyter; Arne R. D. Verliefde; Tom DePover; Kim Verbeken. 2020. "Effect of Film-Forming Amines on the Acidic Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Steam Turbine Steel." Metals 10, no. 12: 1628.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2020 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Precipitation of arsenic as As2S3 produces little waste sludge, has the potential for low chemical consumption and for selective metal(loid) removal. In this study, arsenic removal from acidic (pH 2), metallurgical wastewater was tested in industrially relevant conditions. Sulfides added at a S:As molar ratio of 2.5 and 5 resulted in removal of 99% and 84% of As(III) and As(V). Precipitation of As2S3 from the As(III) and industrial wastewater containing 17% As(V) was nearly instantaneous. For the synthetic As(V) solution, reduction to As(III) was the rate limiting step. At a S:As ratio of 20 and an observed removal rate (k2 = 4.8 (mol L−1) h−1), two hours were required to remove of 93% of arsenic from a 1 g As L−1 solution. In the case of As(V) in industrial samples this time lag was not observed, showing that components in the industrial wastewater affected the removal and reduction of arsenate. Speciation also affected flocculation and coagulation characteristics of As2S3 particles: As(V) reduction resulted in poor coagulation and flocculation. Selective precipitation of arsenic was possible, but depended on speciation, S:As ratio and other metals present.

ACS Style

Pieter Ostermeyer; Luiza Bonin; Karel Folens; Florian Verbruggen; Cristina García-Timermans; Kim Verbeken; Korneel Rabaey; Tom Hennebel. Effect of speciation and composition on the kinetics and precipitation of arsenic sulfide from industrial metallurgical wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 409, 124418 .

AMA Style

Pieter Ostermeyer, Luiza Bonin, Karel Folens, Florian Verbruggen, Cristina García-Timermans, Kim Verbeken, Korneel Rabaey, Tom Hennebel. Effect of speciation and composition on the kinetics and precipitation of arsenic sulfide from industrial metallurgical wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 409 ():124418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pieter Ostermeyer; Luiza Bonin; Karel Folens; Florian Verbruggen; Cristina García-Timermans; Kim Verbeken; Korneel Rabaey; Tom Hennebel. 2020. "Effect of speciation and composition on the kinetics and precipitation of arsenic sulfide from industrial metallurgical wastewater." Journal of Hazardous Materials 409, no. : 124418.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2020 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present work evaluates the acidic stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of NiCrMoV steam turbine steel. Between a pH of 4.2 and 7, iron oxidises to Fe2O3, whereas iron dissolution (Fe2+) and hydrogen proton (H+) reduction are favoured at lower pH. The corrosion rate increases with the H+ concentration via a linear relationship as well as by a temperature increase. During in-situ constant extension rate testing, both the ductility and strength losses, caused by anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement, increase with a higher acetic acid concentration. Hydrogen embrittlement causes larger embrittled zones with higher acetic acid concentrations as well as stress-corrosion cracking.

ACS Style

T. De Seranno; E. Lambrechts; A.R.D. Verliefde; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. Mechanistic interpretation on acidic stress-corrosion cracking of NiCrMoV steam turbine steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2020, 802, 140433 .

AMA Style

T. De Seranno, E. Lambrechts, A.R.D. Verliefde, T. Depover, K. Verbeken. Mechanistic interpretation on acidic stress-corrosion cracking of NiCrMoV steam turbine steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020; 802 ():140433.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. De Seranno; E. Lambrechts; A.R.D. Verliefde; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. 2020. "Mechanistic interpretation on acidic stress-corrosion cracking of NiCrMoV steam turbine steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 802, no. : 140433.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2020 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present work evaluates hydrogen-assisted cracking in 2205 duplex stainless steel by performing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) on in-situ hydrogen charged tensile tested specimens. The hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity increases with the electrochemical hydrogen charging time. The hydrogen presence results in deformation-induced martensite formation in the austenite during in-situ tensile straining, which starts immediately after yielding. Hydrogen-assisted cracking starts at a later stage in the tensile test and the cracks mainly initiate in austenite. The deformation-induced martensite is not vulnerable for crack initiation, neither is its interface with the austenite matrix. The presence of hydrogen-assisted cracks depends on the strain level reached in the specimen and is therefore most pronounced in the necked region. Crack propagation occurs through austenite, ferrite and their interface and is mainly governed by strain fields. Finally, propagation also occurs by coalescence of several smaller cracks.

ACS Style

L. Claeys; I. De Graeve; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. Hydrogen-assisted cracking in 2205 duplex stainless steel: Initiation, propagation and interaction with deformation-induced martensite. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2020, 797, 140079 .

AMA Style

L. Claeys, I. De Graeve, T. Depover, K. Verbeken. Hydrogen-assisted cracking in 2205 duplex stainless steel: Initiation, propagation and interaction with deformation-induced martensite. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020; 797 ():140079.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Claeys; I. De Graeve; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. 2020. "Hydrogen-assisted cracking in 2205 duplex stainless steel: Initiation, propagation and interaction with deformation-induced martensite." Materials Science and Engineering: A 797, no. : 140079.

Full paper
Published: 16 July 2020 in steel research international
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The goal of this work is to assess the applicability of the concept of a ‘slag foaming index’ on industrial data. For this purpose, process data from the steel plant of ArcelorMittal Ghent is used. An acoustic measurement is used to identify the heats with high levels of slag foaming. A model based on process data is developed to estimate the slag’s composition during the converter process. The results of this model, together with industrial data on the slag’s end composition, are used as input to calculate the slag’s viscosity, density and surface tension. Subsequently, the calculated foaming indices are compared to the acoustic measurements from industry. No distinct link between the calculated foaming index and the slopping behavior of the industrial slag is observed. Furthermore, it is observed the slag’s viscosity is the dominant parameter in the foaming index for the industrial slags. In conclusion, it seems that the calculated foaming index cannot be used as a tool to identify foamy slags within the considered industrial context. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Lotte De Vos; Vincent Cnockaert; Inge Bellemans; Carina Vercruyssen; Kim Verbeken. Critical Assessment of the Applicability of the Foaming Index to the Industrial Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process. steel research international 2020, 92, 1 .

AMA Style

Lotte De Vos, Vincent Cnockaert, Inge Bellemans, Carina Vercruyssen, Kim Verbeken. Critical Assessment of the Applicability of the Foaming Index to the Industrial Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process. steel research international. 2020; 92 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lotte De Vos; Vincent Cnockaert; Inge Bellemans; Carina Vercruyssen; Kim Verbeken. 2020. "Critical Assessment of the Applicability of the Foaming Index to the Industrial Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process." steel research international 92, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2020 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper proposes a new in-situ hydrogen (H) charging bending technique to investigate the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high strength steels with limited ductility. The methodology is tested with generic martensitic Fe–C steels with a carbon (C) content of 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt% and 1.1 wt%, respectively. The in-situ bending technique is developed to evaluate the hydrogen susceptibility of these brittle materials and is compared to uncharged samples as a reference. Moreover, as a crucial step in the validation of the technique, a comparison with conventional in-situ tensile testing for the most ductile material (i.e. Fe-0.2C) is performed. The bending results show that charging with H causes a significant ductility loss, which is characterized by a transition from a microvoid (Fe-0.2C), intergranular (Fe-1.1C) or mixed (Fe-0.4C) fracture surface for the uncharged samples to a hydrogen induced cleavage fracture appearance with additional cracking. The transition to the cleavage fracture type is found to be caused by the Hydrogen Enhanced Plasticity Mediated Decohesion mechanism, indicating that hydrogen is preferentially trapped at packet or block boundaries in high carbon steels without alloying additions. The fracture surface of the Fe-0.2C alloy after in-situ tensile testing was very similar to the fracture surface obtained after in-situ bending testing, which indicates that the fracture mode during bending is mainly dominated by the tensile field. This supports the applicability of the in-situ bending technique for intrinsically brittle materials.

ACS Style

M. Pinson; H. Springer; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. Qualification of the in-situ bending technique towards the evaluation of the hydrogen induced fracture mechanism of martensitic Fe–C steels. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2020, 792, 139754 .

AMA Style

M. Pinson, H. Springer, T. Depover, K. Verbeken. Qualification of the in-situ bending technique towards the evaluation of the hydrogen induced fracture mechanism of martensitic Fe–C steels. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020; 792 ():139754.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Pinson; H. Springer; T. Depover; K. Verbeken. 2020. "Qualification of the in-situ bending technique towards the evaluation of the hydrogen induced fracture mechanism of martensitic Fe–C steels." Materials Science and Engineering: A 792, no. : 139754.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This work evaluates the mechanical degradation of Dual Phase steel due to acidic stress-corrosion cracking (SCC). The SCC susceptibility is studied by in-situ constant extension rate testing, followed by post-mortem fractographic evaluation, while the corrosion rate is determined by electrochemical measurements. Elevating the temperature results in a decrease in both strength and ductility. Organic acids addition further leads to a significant ductility loss, whereas oxygen removal yields a ductility gain. The corrosion rate shows a linear relationship with the H+ concentration. Between a pH of 4.2–7, anodic dissolution occurs, whereas hydrogen absorption takes place at lower pH, causing hydrogen-assisted stress-corrosion cracks.

ACS Style

T. De Seranno; T. Depover; A.R.D. Verliefde; K. Verbeken. Evaluation of the active mechanism for acidic SCC induced mechanical degradation: A methodological approach. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2020, 790, 139645 .

AMA Style

T. De Seranno, T. Depover, A.R.D. Verliefde, K. Verbeken. Evaluation of the active mechanism for acidic SCC induced mechanical degradation: A methodological approach. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020; 790 ():139645.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. De Seranno; T. Depover; A.R.D. Verliefde; K. Verbeken. 2020. "Evaluation of the active mechanism for acidic SCC induced mechanical degradation: A methodological approach." Materials Science and Engineering: A 790, no. : 139645.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2020 in Journal of Nuclear Materials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Electron Backscatter Diffraction was used to investigate the grain boundary character and triple junction distributions as well as the microtexture on drawn pure and potassium doped (60–75 ppm) tungsten wires. With an approximate diameter of 150 μm, pure W wires were annealed at 1300, 1600 and 1900 °C, whereas K-doped material was annealed at 1300, 1600 and 2100 °C. The annealing was performed under hydrogen atmosphere for 30 min. Both longitudinal and transversal sections were analyzed to assess anisotropic features. Up to 1600 °C, all conditions presented a strong fiber texture parallel to the drawing axis. With increasing annealing temperature, the pure W material developed a more heterogeneous fiber texture while for the K-doped material, it remained homogeneous. Orientation correlation function (OCF) analysis suggested sub-grain coarsening as the recrystallization mechanism while grain boundary density and grain boundary character distribution exhibited anisotropic behavior, as well as the triple junction distribution network. On the other hand, the coincidence site lattices (CSL) distribution did not present any anisotropy and followed the empirical law of the inverse cubic root of Σ-value. For all conditions, the most abundant CSL boundaries were Σ3, Σ9, Σ11, Σ17b, Σ19a, Σ27a and Σ33a. Based on the statistics of the triple junction types and their resistance to intergranular cracking, it was revealed that increasing the annealing temperature might play a role in crack deflection since the resistance to intergranular crack growth is increased in the transversal section and reduced in the longitudinal section. This anisotropic behavior is preserved up to a higher annealing temperature in the K-doped material.

ACS Style

L. Tanure; D. Terentyev; V. Nikolić; Johann Riesch; K. Verbeken. EBSD characterization of pure and K-doped tungsten fibers annealed at different temperatures. Journal of Nuclear Materials 2020, 537, 152201 .

AMA Style

L. Tanure, D. Terentyev, V. Nikolić, Johann Riesch, K. Verbeken. EBSD characterization of pure and K-doped tungsten fibers annealed at different temperatures. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 2020; 537 ():152201.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Tanure; D. Terentyev; V. Nikolić; Johann Riesch; K. Verbeken. 2020. "EBSD characterization of pure and K-doped tungsten fibers annealed at different temperatures." Journal of Nuclear Materials 537, no. : 152201.

Journal article
Published: 14 March 2020 in Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The goal of this work is to propose a general mechanism for hydrogen induced crack initiation in steels based on a microstructural study of multiple steel grades. Four types of steels with strongly varying microstructures are studied for this purpose, i.e. ultra low carbon (ULC) steel, TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steel, Fe-C-Ti generic alloy, and pressure vessel steel. A strong dependency of the initiation of hydrogen induced cracks on the microstructural features in the materials is observed. By use of SEM-EBSD characterization, initiation is found to always occur at the hard secondary phase particles in the materials.

ACS Style

Aurélie Laureys; Margot Pinson; Lisa Claeys; Tim Deseranno; Tom DePover; Kim Verbeken. Initiation of hydrogen induced cracks at secondary phase particles. Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 2020, 14, 113 -127.

AMA Style

Aurélie Laureys, Margot Pinson, Lisa Claeys, Tim Deseranno, Tom DePover, Kim Verbeken. Initiation of hydrogen induced cracks at secondary phase particles. Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale. 2020; 14 (52):113-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurélie Laureys; Margot Pinson; Lisa Claeys; Tim Deseranno; Tom DePover; Kim Verbeken. 2020. "Initiation of hydrogen induced cracks at secondary phase particles." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 14, no. 52: 113-127.

Paper
Published: 21 February 2020 in Green Chemistry
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Unmodified microalgal biomass grown on wastewater works as an effective and selective indium biosorbent even at low pH values.

ACS Style

Nina Ricci Nicomel; Lila Otero-Gonzalez; Larissa Arashiro; Marianna Garfí; Ivet Ferrer; Pascal Van Der Voort; Kim Verbeken; Tom Hennebel; Gijs Du Laing. Microalgae: a sustainable adsorbent with high potential for upconcentration of indium(iii) from liquid process and waste streams. Green Chemistry 2020, 22, 1985 -1995.

AMA Style

Nina Ricci Nicomel, Lila Otero-Gonzalez, Larissa Arashiro, Marianna Garfí, Ivet Ferrer, Pascal Van Der Voort, Kim Verbeken, Tom Hennebel, Gijs Du Laing. Microalgae: a sustainable adsorbent with high potential for upconcentration of indium(iii) from liquid process and waste streams. Green Chemistry. 2020; 22 (6):1985-1995.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nina Ricci Nicomel; Lila Otero-Gonzalez; Larissa Arashiro; Marianna Garfí; Ivet Ferrer; Pascal Van Der Voort; Kim Verbeken; Tom Hennebel; Gijs Du Laing. 2020. "Microalgae: a sustainable adsorbent with high potential for upconcentration of indium(iii) from liquid process and waste streams." Green Chemistry 22, no. 6: 1985-1995.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Corrosion Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This work evaluates the mechanical degradation of Fe-C-X (X = Cr/Mo/V) steels due to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) in acidic aqueous environment. Tensile testing of as-quenched and quenched-and-tempered Fe-C-X steels in corrosive environment shows a reduced ductility and yield strength. Secondary stress-corrosion cracks and embrittled regions are detected by scanning electron microscopy. Anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms are elaborated to explain the mechanical degradation. A linear correlation between the amount of SCC embrittlement and measured corrosion potentials is obtained. Tempering Fe-C-Cr introduces Cr7C3 and increases the SCC resistance, whereas introduction of Mo2C and V4C3 realizes an increased reactivity and SCC susceptibility.

ACS Style

Tim De Seranno; Liese Vandewalle; Tom Depover; Arne R.D. Verliefde; Kim Verbeken. Mechanical degradation of Fe-C-X steels by acidic stress-corrosion cracking. Corrosion Science 2020, 167, 108509 .

AMA Style

Tim De Seranno, Liese Vandewalle, Tom Depover, Arne R.D. Verliefde, Kim Verbeken. Mechanical degradation of Fe-C-X steels by acidic stress-corrosion cracking. Corrosion Science. 2020; 167 ():108509.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tim De Seranno; Liese Vandewalle; Tom Depover; Arne R.D. Verliefde; Kim Verbeken. 2020. "Mechanical degradation of Fe-C-X steels by acidic stress-corrosion cracking." Corrosion Science 167, no. : 108509.

Journal article
Published: 27 January 2020 in Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Hydrogen embrittlement of modern high strength steels consists of different interacting time-dependent mechanisms. One of these mechanisms is hydrogen diffusion and trapping to accumulate hydrogen in critical areas with high mechanical loads. Therefore, understanding hydrogen diffusion and trapping behavior of carbides containing high strength steels is an essential part to effectively increase the hydrogen resistance. For that purpose, a microstructural based model was developed and parametrized to Fe–C–V and Fe–C–Ti alloys. Generalized analytical equations were derived to describe the evolution of different kinds of trap densities with the measured carbide mean radius, annealing temperature or dislocation density. Finally, the models support the idea of hydrogen trapping at carbon vacancies and coherent interface positions. In future, these models are well suited for finite element process simulations of industrial components to predict the local solubility and chemical diffusion as demonstrated in the last section of this work.

ACS Style

Andreas Drexler; Tom Depover; Silvia Leitner; Kim Verbeken; Werner Ecker. Microstructural based hydrogen diffusion and trapping models applied to Fe–C X alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2020, 826, 154057 .

AMA Style

Andreas Drexler, Tom Depover, Silvia Leitner, Kim Verbeken, Werner Ecker. Microstructural based hydrogen diffusion and trapping models applied to Fe–C X alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2020; 826 ():154057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Drexler; Tom Depover; Silvia Leitner; Kim Verbeken; Werner Ecker. 2020. "Microstructural based hydrogen diffusion and trapping models applied to Fe–C X alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 826, no. : 154057.