Male anuran (frog and toad) advertisement calls associate with fitness and can respond to environmental cues such as rain and air temperature. Moonlight is thought to generally decrease call behaviors – perhaps as a response to increased perceived risk of predation – and this study sought to determine if artificial lighting produces a similar pattern. Using a handheld spotlight, light was experimentally introduced to natural anuran communities in ponds and streams. Custom call surveys where then used to measure anuran calls in paired unlit and lit conditions at six locations in central Texas. Among seven species heard, the number of frogs calling and call index declined in response to the acute light input. Local weather conditions could not explain differences between numbers of frogs calling between species, sites, survey order, or lighting order suggesting the main effect on number calling was light treatment. It appears acute artificial light alone can change calling behavior within several s...

Microstructure impacts material properties such as wear resistance, ductility, toughness, conductivity, and permeability. Notably, no single microscope can examine microstructure at all length scales and with all modes of data acquisition. In these cases, multimodal multiscale microscopy integrates results from multiple devices into cohesive understanding. Three cases present hardware and software to merge image or spectral data collected by different microscopes and detectors to achieve new insights: 1) microcomputed tomography and scanning electron microscopy of a porous rock core, 2) plasma focused ion beam and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of a shale matrix, and 3) correlative light and electron microscopy in a cryo environment. In each case, thoughtful experimental designs, integrated sample holders, accessible file formats, online software, and offline postprocessing permitted integrated investigation of microstructure in heterogeneous samples.