The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of voxel size and artefact reduction (AR) on the identification of vertical root fractures (VRFs) in endodontically treated teeth. A total of a hund...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of apical root resorption in maxillary incisors during the initial stages of active orthodontic treatment and to test the hypothesis that root resorption increases with the progress of the treatment. Methods: The study sample consisted of 80 teeth of 20 patients (14 female, 6 male) with a mean age of 14.9±2.8 years. Root resorption was determined with standardized digitized periapical radiographs. All the periapical radiographs were obtained at the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0) and 3 months (T1), 6 months (T2) and 9 months (T3) after the beginning of the treatment by a paralleling device. They were digitalized as 600 dpi with a flatbed scanner and analyzed by software for image analysis at 400x magnification utilizing a personal computer. Results: All of the 4 maxillary incisors had an increasing amount of resorption during the 9-month period. The amount of root resorption between the time intervals was statistically significant (P<.05). Conclusions: Root resorption of maxillary incisors can be detected in the early stages of orthodontic treatment and appears to be related to treatment duration. According to 9-month evaluation period, apical root resorption is of limited clinical significance for the average orthodontic patient. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:318-323)

The interactions between torus and several factors such as age, gender, and dental status have not been studied comprehensively. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender on the mandibular cortical index (MCI) and to investigate a possible association between torus mandibularis (TM) and MCI.

Kivanc Ak?a, DDS, PhD1/Yeliz Cavusoglu, DDS, PhD/ Serdar Uysal, DDS, PhD/Murat Cavit Cehreli, DDS, PhD: Purpose: To evaluate biologic and prosthetic outcomes of titanium-zirconia alloy implants supporting fixed prostheses. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 titanium-zirconia alloy implants were placed in 23 consecutive patients with partial edentulism. All implants were subjected to an early loading protocol by means of single-unit or up-to-four-unit fixed partial prostheses and observed between 7 and 24 months. The radiographic marginal bone loss and peri-implant soft tissue scores (Plaque Index, Bleeding Index, and Calculus Index) were recorded. In addition, prosthetic complications were recorded during the period of the study. Results: Early or late implant failures were not observed, resulting in 100% implant survival and success of the implants. No prosthetic complications were observed. The mean (standard deviation) of marginal bone loss for 52 implants was 0.315 mm (0.24 mm). There were no signs of excessive bone loss with or without swelling or suppuration of the peri-implant soft tissue, and the soft tissue scores indicated good soft tissue integration. Conclusions: Titanium-zirconia alloy implants supporting fixed prostheses showed optimum radiographic, clinical, and prosthetic outcomes in an up-to-24-month assessment period. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2013;28:573?578. doi: 10.11607/jomi.3088

Background/Objectives: Accurate scientific methods are essential for monitoring the osseointegration of dental implants postoperatively. This study aims to evaluate peri-implant bone changes using the fractal analysis (FA) method during follow-up. Methods: Periapical radiographs were obtained from 77 patients with dental implants, and 33 permanent teeth serving as a control group, retrieved from the radiology archive. Radiographs were taken using the parallel technique at 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. All images were digitized and saved in TIFF. Each image was aligned using the TurboReg plugin in ImageJ software. Regions of interest (ROIs) were selected from the mesial and distal aspects of the implants, then prepared for fractal analysis. FA was performed to assess changes in bone structure over time. Results: In the study group, radiographs of 24 patients for 0, 3 and 6 month, radiographs of 34 patients for 0, 6 and 12 month, radiographs of 8 patients for 0 and 12 month, radiographs of 5 patients for 0 and 3 month, radiographs of 5 patients for 0 and 6 month, and 1 patient of 0, 3, 6 and 12 month of radiographs were used in the study. There were no statistically significant differences in FA values over time when analyzed by gender and age in both the study and control groups. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in FA value changes over time and jaws. Conclusions: The study indicates a positive correlation between bone remodeling over time and FA results, likely due to the restoration of masticatory forces in the implant area. Image analysis on two-dimensional dental radiographs can be a useful tool for detecting changes in bone density. Fractal analysis is a cost-effective and practical diagnostic method for monitoring bone changes over time.