This prospective survey determined the prevalence and intensity of infections due to geohelminths and the associated risk factors in five onchocerciasis-endemic communities in Gabon between January and February 2020. Onchocerciasis endemicity was confirmed by Ov16 IgG testing. STHs were detected using the Kato–Katz techniques. Prevalence and parasite density were analyzed according to age, sex, and onchocerciasis endemicity. STHs were found in 64.8% of participants and were more common in hypoendemic (80.9%) and hyperendemic (63.9%) onchocerciasis communities (p < 0.01). Ascaris lumbricoides (65.5%), Trichuris trichiura (57.1%), and hookworms (17.3%) were prevalent in areas hypoendemic for onchocerciasis (p = 0.04). Male participants were more often infected by hookworms. Adults were more frequently infected by STHs (75.9%) than elders, who were the least infected (39.3%) (p < 0.01). Participants living in sporadic onchocerciasis areas frequently but not significantly harbored a moderate ascariasis load (6960.0 (1068.0–9492.0) eggs per gram) (p = 0.4). The highest parasite density was observed among participants aged 20–45 years (15,336.0 (3888.0–35,028.0)). A low T. trichiuria prevalence was found in all communities. STHs are highly prevalent in hypoendemic and hyperendemic areas and adults. An integrated combined approach of STH and onchocerciasis elimination through efficacious mass drug administration targeting all age groups should be considered.

Introduction: Cryptococcal meningitis is a major cause of death in HIV/AIDS patients due to the existence of Cryptococcus neoformans in the central nervous system. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of Cryptococcus antigenuria in a population of HIV-infected patients in Libreville, Gabon. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted from April to October 2021 at the Infectious Diseases ward of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Libreville. Hospitalized patients with HIV were included. The detection of cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in urine was performed using the Pastorex Crypto Plus Kit. Results: Out of the 255 PLHIV, 142 benefited from the CrAg detection. The prevalence of urine CrAg was 24.6% (n = 35). The majority of CrAg+ patients (82.8%; n = 29) were under 55 years old. Almost three-quarters of them (n = 25; 71.4%) had CD4 counts < 200, and 80.0% (n = 28) were at WHO clinical stages III and IV. All patients with neck stiffness at admission had a CrAg positive test. Conclusion: This study showed a non-negligible prevalence of Cryptococcal urinary antigen in HIV-infected patients with neurological symptoms. These data underline the importance of CrAg screening in routine care for better management of PLHIV.

Digestive candidiasis is a major opportunistic infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV). In Gabon, data on antifungal resistance remain limited. This study aimed to characterise Candida colonisation and antifungal resistance according to anatomical site and species in Libreville. In this cross-sectional study, 108 PLHIV provided paired oral and stool samples. Candida spp. was identified using conventional phenotypic methods. Antifungal susceptibility to azoles and polyenes was assessed by disc diffusion following CLSI guidelines. Resistance burden was classified by drug class and by cumulative number of antifungal agents involved. Digestive colonisation was detected in 97 (89.8%) participants. Oral and intestinal colonisation rates were 78.7% and 66.7%, respectively, with dual-site involvement in 55.6%. Among resistant isolates, Candida albicans accounted for 55.2% (oral) and 48.9% (intestinal), while non-albicans Candida represented 29.8% and 44.4%, respectively. Multidrug resistance was significantly higher in intestinal than oral isolates (36.2% vs. 11.8%; OR = 4.99; 95% CI: 2.04–12.16; p < 0.01). Resistance was predominantly azole-driven, with complex cumulative resistance profiles in intestinal isolates. The intestinal tract showed resistance profiles consistent with a preferential accumulation of MDR Candida populations in PLHIV. Site-specific resistance patterns underscore the importance of targeted sampling and antifungal stewardship strategies in resource-limited settings.