The Internet of Things (IoT) is an upcoming technology that is increasingly being used for monitoring and analysing environmental parameters and supports the progress of farm machinery. Agriculture is the main source of living for many people, including, for instance, farmers, agronomists and transporters. It can raise incomes, improve food security and benefit the environment. However, food systems are responsible for many environmental problems. While the use of IoT in agriculture and environment is widely deployed in many developed countries, it is underdeveloped in Africa, particularly in West Africa. This paper aims to provide a systematic review on this technology adoption for agriculture and environment in West African countries. To achieve this goal, the analysis of scientific contributions is performed by performing first a bibliometric study, focusing on the selected articles obtained using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, and second a qualitative study. The PRISMA analysis was performed based on 226 publications recorded from one database: Web Of Science (WoS). It has been demonstrated that the annual scientific production significantly increased during this last decade. Our conclusions highlight promising directions where IoT could significantly progress sustainability.