Anogenital warts (AGW) are a common manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. As HPV vaccination programs expand, updated data are needed to assess the ongoing global AGW burden. This systematic review examined AGW epidemiology, clinical impact, and economic burden, analyzing 187 studies from 49 jurisdictions by income level, sex, and age. Publications were retrieved from Embase, MEDLINE, and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (January 2013 to October 2023) and conference proceedings (January 2021 to December 2023) (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023489504). AGW prevalence ranged from 0.5% to 33.1%, and incidence rates ranged from 24 to 2940 cases/100,000 person-years in mixed-sex populations not stratified by age. Incidence generally declined from the mid-30s but remained substantial across all ages. The clinical and economic burden varied by sex, age, time, and geography. Notably, most epidemiologic data come from high-income jurisdictions, underscoring the need for more comprehensive global surveillance to fully understand AGW trends and impacts.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and HPV-related cancers can be prevented through vaccinations and mass cervical screening programmes. The Ministry of Health in Italy provides recommendations on primary and secondary prevention of HPV-related diseases, but the 19 Italian regions and 2 autonomous provinces have organisational and decision-making autonomy, with differences in the strategies for offering prevention. The aim of this study is to describe the HPV vaccination and cervical screening offered in all Italian regions. Regional official documents up until 31 December 2021 were first identified. Subsequently, primary and secondary prevention experts from each region were interviewed to validate the previously collected data. The National Immunisation Plan (NIP) 2017–2019 recommends HPV vaccination from the age of 11 for both sexes, with a coverage target of 95%. HPV vaccination is offered free of charge or co-payment. All regions have screening programmes for cervical cancer, using PAP or HPV-DNA tests every three to five years. All regions have an electronic registry for vaccination and screening status. All regions have developed awareness-raising campaigns. It is important to harmonise regional policies with the implementation of information systems integration. The collected data could enhance both regional and national public health initiatives, bolstering the resilience of vaccination programs.