The field of Ambient Assisted living (AAL) is evolving rapidly. Standardization, uniformities and facilitation in the system design, have become an urge to satisfy the growing needs for integrated solutions. In this context, Reference Models (RM) and Reference Architectures (RA) impose as suitable solutions for organizing the relationship between the different elements of a software. Furthermore, they achieve a well-recognized understanding of the AAL domain by raising the congruency between the context, the goals and the design. In this paper, we investigate the AAL system requirements and implementation challenges. Moreover, we examined RM and RA definitions, demands and specifications with the perspective of, describing and evaluating AAL related ones, using quality attributes in a number of dimensions. Our main determination is giving an overview of the current state of the art of AAL oriented layouts, which we found generally research oriented ones, and most of them have been established with one specific concern. Our perspective is to improve and consolidate the future designs of the AAL models and architectures to implement the applications over a survival infrastructure.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications are rapidly growing and are widely used in various disciplines. Deployment is one of the key issues to be solved in WSNs, since the sensor nodes’ positioning affects highly the system performance. An optimal WSN deployment should maximize the collection of the desired interest phenomena, guarantee the required coverage and connectivity, extend the network lifetime, and minimize the network cost in terms of energy consumption. Most of the research effort in this area aims to solve the deployment issue, without minimizing the network cost by reducing unnecessary working nodes in the network. In this paper, we propose a deployment approach based on the gradient method and the Simulated Annealing algorithm to solve the sensor deployment problem with the minimum number of sensor nodes. The proposed algorithm is able to heuristically optimize the number of sensors and their positions in order to achieve the desired application requirements.

Comprehending the personality of students is a crucial issue of education. Students interact in learning environments using a variety of social media technologies. therefore, in the availability of several artificial intelligence-based solutions that discern personality from written language, we aim to use students’ text data to determine their personalities. Due to these considerations, the primary purpose of this research is to determine whether the text produced by students in social media-based learning environments can provide insight into their personalities. This work also aims to find out whether students exhibit their real personalities while interacting in the learning environment, mainly with their classmates. This paper describes an experimental study reported on a sample of students at the Private University of Fez, in which their data was gathered and analyzed by three Artificial Intelligence-based personality detection tools. Personality traits discovered by these instruments were evaluated and compared to the findings of big five questionnaire assessed to the same students. The findings demonstrate that the majority of the students’ personality traits were accurately identified in the written text of the students based on tested Natural Language Processing tools, and that strong data quality is a crucial factor in achieving good accuracy.

AAL (Ambient Assisted Living) is lacking a RM (Reference Model) to serve as an abstraction of the domain. Therefore, to help implement new architectures established on the prior experiences of the designer’s expertise and former competences, in this paper, we propose a novel approach of an AAL RM. Our objective is to handle the resolution of conflicts that appear between the developers, and give an overview of the basis for implementing concrete software architectures for different families of AAL applications. Our proposed RM is a standardized clarification for developers to apply in the process of the design and implementation. We illuminate the AAL domain fundamental dimensions and we established a formal RM with an infrastructure that could survive the domain’s progression. To achieve integrated system-of-systems composed of systems, subsystems and components, our RM describes a standard and regulated structure to be established. High-level elements, essential properties and characteristics that must appear in the application’s design are described and illustrated in this work.

Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) systems main purpose is to improve the quality of life of special groups of people, including the elderly and people with physical disabilities. Driven by the critical ongoing changes in all modern, industrialized countries, there is a huge interest in IT-based equipment and services these days, to facilitate daily tasks and extend the independency time for these groups. Thence, AAL systems can benefit from the huge advances of both intelligent systems and communication technologies as promising growing research fields. The implementation of such complicated yet vital system should be established on solid bases relying on a standard architecture to satisfy and respond to the needs of heterogeneous stakeholders. This article proposes a Service Oriented Architecture model for Ambient Assisted Living Platform as a Service based on Wireless Sensors Network, it starts by presenting a classification of ambient assisted living services. Secondly, it describes some user and environmental challenges that have an impact on the service qualities. The discussion of architectural trends for AAL systems is included, and the description of challenges in designing and implementing of an effective one. Finally, this paper introduces a new vision of prototypical AAL systems architecture.