Graviera Naxos, a renowned cheese with Protected Designation of Origin status, is crafted from a blend of cow, goat, and sheep milk. This study focused on assessing the Sr isotopic and multi-elemental composition of both the processed cheese and its ingredients, as well as the environmental context of Naxos Island, including samples of milk, water, soil, and feed. The objective was to delineate the geochemical signature of Graviera Naxos cheese and to explore the utility of Sr isotopes as indicators of geographic origin. The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values for Graviera Naxos samples ranged from 0.70891 to 0.70952, indicating a relatively narrow range. However, the Sr isotopic signature of milk, heavily influenced by the feed, which originates from geologically distinct areas, does not always accurately reflect the local breeding environment. Multi-elemental analysis revealed variations in milk composition based on type and season; yet, no notable differences were found between raw and pasteurized milk. A mixing model evaluating the contributions of milk, sea salt, and rennet to the cheese’s Sr isotopic signature suggested a significant average contribution of 73.1% from sea salt. This study highlights the complexities of linking dairy products with their geographical origins and emphasizes the need for sophisticated geochemical authentication methods.

Strawberries encounter plastic materials at multiple stages from cultivation to consumption, yet integrated assessments of the chemical release potential of such plastic materials remain limited. To evaluate potential chemical release from these materials, migration experiments were conducted using 3% acetic acid, to mimic the acidic matrix of strawberries, under conditions adopted from EU Regulation No. 10/2011 and applied as a harmonized exposure scenario across all tested materials. The study included ten plastic products representing materials that strawberries may encounter during cultivation and post-harvest handling: conventional polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable mulching films, recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) and polypropylene (PP) packaging trays, and biodegradable bags. Clear material-dependent differences were observed. rPET trays showed minimal overall migration and low chemical complexity, whereas biodegradable materials released a broader range of chemical features. Among agricultural materials, biodegradable mulching films exhibited exceptionally high overall migration (>50 mg dm⁻²) and the highest chemical diversity compared with conventional PE films. Non-target screening revealed non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) such as polymer-related oligomers of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol, oligomers containing azelaic acid, and sorbed pesticide residue in field-exposed conventional films. These findings demonstrate that plastic materials used during cultivation, post-harvest handling and consumer use can release complex mixture of plastic-related chemicals. Importantly, the results challenge the assumption that biodegradable and/or biobased plastics inherently pose lower chemical exposure risks and highlight the need for integrated exposure assessments considering direct crop–plastic contact, material aging, and NIAS formation to support evidence-based risk assessment and safer material design.