The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of neovestitol–vestitol (CNV) compounds obtained from Brazilian red propolis on the microbiological profile of a mature multispecies subgingival biofilm. The biofilm with 32 bacterial species associated with periodontitis was formed for seven days using a Calgary device. Treatment with CNV (1600, 800, 400, and 200 μg/mL), amoxicillin (54 μg/mL), and vehicle control was performed for 24 h on the last day of biofilm formation. Biofilm metabolic activity and DNA–DNA hybridization (checkerboard) assays were performed. The groups treated with CNV 1600 and amoxicillin reduced 25 and 13 species, respectively, compared to the control vehicle treatment (p ≤ 0.05); both reduced P. gingivalis, while only CNV reduced T. forsythia. When the data from the two treatments (CNV and AMOXI) were compared, a statistically significant difference was observed in 13 species, particularly members of Socransky’s orange complex. Our results showed that CNV at 1600 μg/mL showed the best results regarding the metabolic activity of mature biofilms and obtained a reduction in species associated with the disease, such as T. forsythia, showing a better reduction than amoxicillin. Therefore, CNV seems to be a promising alternative to eradicate biofilms and reduce their pathogenicity.

This study evaluated the effect of adding ethanolic extract of red propolis (EERP) on antimicrobial activity, polymerization kinetics (PK), degree of conversion (DC), and shear bond strength (SBS) of the orthodontic adhesive system. Transbond XT Primer was the control group (G1). The experimental adhesives contained 3.25 mg/mL (G2) and 6.50 mg/mL (G3) EERP. Minimum inhibitory concentration and biofilm assay against Streptococcus mutans, and bacterial and exopolysaccharide (EPS) evaluation by confocal laser scanning microscope were performed. PK and DC were evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The bracket-tooth SBS was evaluated by a universal testing machine. Both antimicrobial and SBS results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (p<0.05). PK and DC data were submitted to ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test. G3 presented better antimicrobial activity, inhibiting more than 95% of planktonic S. Mutans, 25% of biofilm dry-weight, and 50% of EPS production (p<0.05). PK was different among the groups. DC after 40 seconds of photoactivation ranged from 68.62% for G1 to 76.85% for G2 (p0.05). Transbond XT Primer modified with 6.5 mg/mL EERP demonstrated antimicrobial activity with no reduction of the bracket-tooth SBS. Propolis-modification did not influence the physic-chemical properties of the orthodontic adhesive.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the effect of different portions of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) membranes and liquid-PRF, prepared by two distinct protocols/centrifuges each, on the multispecies subgingival biofilm. PRF membranes and liquid-PRF were prepared using two protocols: centrifuge 1 uses fixed acceleration while centrifuge 2, progressive acceleration. PRF samples were introduced into device concurrently with 33-species bacterial inoculum. After seven days, biofilm metabolic activity (MA) and microbial profile were evaluated through colorimetric reaction and DNA–DNA hybridization, respectively. Among PRF membranes, the ones from centrifuge 1 led to better reduction in MA, total biofilm, and F. periodonticum, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia counts when compared to untreated/centrifuge 2 treated biofilms. However, centrifuge 2 liquid-PRF reduced MA, total biofilm and F. periodonticum counts when compared to untreated/centrifuge 1 treated-biofilms. PRF membrane and exhibited comparable antibiofilm activity. However, PRF distinct forms, obtained by same centrifugation protocol, may present different antimicrobial properties.