Feline panleukopenia (FP) is a severe viral illness caused by the feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), putting sectors like companion cat breeding and endangered feline conservation at risk. The virus has a high morbidity and fatality rate and is found all over the world. We created a novel FPV assay using nanoPCR technology and assessed the method’s specificity and sensitivity. The approach amplified a 345 bp nucleic acid fragment with a minimum detection limit of 7.97 × 10² copies/μL, which is about 100 times greater than traditional PCR. We collected anal swabs from 83 cats suspected of FPV infection for practical application, and the FPV-positive rate determined by the nanoPCR approach was 77.1%. In conclusion, the approach is more sensitive than conventional PCR and more convenient and cost-effective than qPCR methodology and may be utilized for the clinical detection of FPV.

Bovine infectious rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), poses significant challenges to the global cattle industry due to its high contagiousness and economic impact. In our study, we successfully isolated a BoAHV1 strain from suspected infected bovine nasal mucus samples in Yanji city, revealing genetic similarities with strains from Sichuan, Egypt, and the USA, while strains from Xinjiang, Beijing, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia showed more distant associations, indicating potential cross-border transmission. Additionally, our investigation of BoAHV1 infection dynamics within host cells revealed early upregulation of gB, which is critical for sustained infection, while the expression of gC and gD showed variations compared to previous studies. These findings enhance our understanding of BoAHV1 diversity and infection kinetics, underscoring the importance of international collaboration for effective surveillance and control strategies. Furthermore, they lay the groundwork for the development of targeted therapeutics and vaccines to mitigate the impact of IBR on the cattle industry.

CPV is a highly pathogenic virus that enters host cells via the TFR, but its pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that CPV infection induces ferroptosis in CRFK cells, characterized by elevated lipid peroxidation, increased intracellular ferrous iron, a reduced GSH/GSSG ratio, and mitochondrial damage. At the molecular level, CPV downregulated the ferroptosis-inhibiting proteins GPX4 and FTH1 while upregulating NCOA4 and Drp1. Notably, treatment with the iron chelator DFO both inhibited viral replication and attenuated CPV-induced ferroptosis. Collectively, our findings identify ferroptosis as a critical pathogenic mechanism of CPV infection and highlight the therapeutic potential of DFO in controlling CPV by restoring iron homeostasis. These insights provide a mechanistic basis for the development of ferroptosis-targeted antiviral strategies against CPV.

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is an important viral agent associated with neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), winter dysentery, and bovine respiratory disease, contributing to economic losses in cattle production worldwide. To date, BCoV sequence data from Yanbian, Northeast China, are limited in public datasets. In this study, we report the first successful isolation of a BCoV strain (BCoV‐YBYJ) from a diarrheic calf in Yanbian using MDBK cells and characterize its replication in vitro and describe exploratory colon and lung findings following high‐dose oral exposure in a murine model. The isolate replicated efficiently in MDBK cells. In mice, viral RNA was detected in the colon and lung with mild‐to‐moderate histological changes under high‐dose exposure (nonnatural host). Phylogenetic analysis based on partial ORF1a, S, and M sequences showed that BCoV‐YBYJ clustered with contemporary Chinese isolates within the available reference set, supporting regional genetic relatedness based on partial loci. In parallel, three SYBR Green I‐based RT‐qPCR assays targeting BCoV, bovine rotavirus (BRV), and bovine parvovirus (BPV) were established and analytically validated. These assays demonstrated satisfactory analytical sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility within the validated dynamic range, and BCoV RNA was detected in 70% (140/200) of targeted diarrheic calf specimens ( n = 200). This study provides a Yanbian BCoV isolate and analytically validated RT‐qPCR assays to support differential detection and surveillance of major viral agents associated with calf diarrhea. Because these were targeted submissions from diarrheic calves, this proportion is reported descriptively and should not be interpreted as population prevalence. The BRV and BPV assays underwent analytical validation only and require further clinical evaluation before routine diagnostic application.