Background: Multicomponent training has considerable adherence among older populations, but there is a lack of literature on the benefits of this training on older people’s posture. Literature also lacks stretching protocols that work the body in an integrated/unified way and respect the principle of individuality in exercise training. We evaluated the effect of a multicomponent training protocol combined or not with flexibility training in improving the posture and quality of movement in physically inactive older women, according to a score lower than 9.11 in the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly (MBQE). Methods: 142 participants were evaluated and randomized in three training groups: multicomponent training (MT = 52), multicomponent and flexibility training (MFT = 43), and a control group (CG = 47). We evaluated joint amplitude using goniometry, flexibility with sit and reach and hands behind the back tests, quality of movement with the functional movement screen, and posture using biophotogammetry. Results: The MFT group had 15 parameters—flexibility and posture—with a very large effect size (ES > 1.30) and nine with average ES (0.50–0.79). MT presented two variables with large ES (0.80–1.25) and seven with average ES. CG presented three variables with high ES and five with average ES. Both interventions improved the quality of movement. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that 14 weeks of multicomponent and flexibility training in a group intervention can improve flexibility and posture levels in physically inactive older women.

Regular physical exercise has proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing the health and well-being of older adults. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of the impacts of exercise on older adults with different health conditions, as well as in the customization of training programs according to individual capabilities. This study aimed to analyze the variables that influence the response of physical capabilities in older adults, considering their development over the aging process, with the goal of assisting professionals in creating personalized training programs. To achieve this, we conducted a cohort study involving 562 previously inactive adults and older adults who underwent anthropometric assessments, blood pressure measurements, and comprehensive physical tests. These assessments were conducted before and after a 14-week training program. Results indicated no significant variations in variables such as waist circumference (p = 0.0455, effect size = 0.10), body mass index (p = 0.0215, effect size = 0.15), systolic (p < 0.0001, effect size = 0.35) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001, effect size = 0.25) pre- and post-intervention. Strength tests, agility, the 6 min walk test (6MWT), and the back scratch test (BS) showed significant improvements post-intervention, with p-values all below 0.0001 and effect sizes ranging from 0.30 to 0.50. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that lower initial values in physical capabilities were associated with more significant improvements during training (R² = 0.73, p < 0.001). These results underscore that individualized guidance in training can lead to clinically meaningful improvements in physical performance and health among older adults, with effect sizes indicating moderate-to-large benefits (effect size range = 0.30 to 0.50). Therefore, personalized training programs are essential to maximize health benefits in this population.

RESUMOObjetivo: investigar ações intersetoriais voltadas ao enfrentamento das iniquidades sociais, em nível de Atenção Primária à Saúde, desenvolvidas com vistas à redução das desigualdades em saúde no Brasil. Método: revisão sistemática com busca nas Bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE. Utilizaram-se, como critérios de elegibilidade, pesquisas desenvolvidas no Brasil, de 2005 a 2015, em português, inglês ou espanhol, com, pelo menos, um descritor em título ou resumo. Para a análise dos dados, utilizaram-se os referenciais teóricos, as variáveis ação intersetorial governamental e ação intersetorial com participação social e o Guia de Diretrizes PRISMA. Resultados: 40% dos estudos trataram sobre ações intersetoriais de nível governamental envolvendo iniciativas do governo federal; 20%, de ações intersetoriais locais envolvendo a sociedade civil; 40%, dos dois tipos; 40%, baseados no referencial da Organização Mundial da Saúde; 20%, no referencial do Capital Social; 20%, nos referenciais da Organização Mundial da Saúde e Curso da Vida e 20%, nos referenciais da Organização Mundial da Saúde e do Capital Social. Conclusão: políticas intersetoriais, em conjunto com a sociedade, aumentam as possibilidades de concretização de equidade social no Brasil. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Iniquidade Social; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde; Ação Intersetorial; Políticas Públicas; Equidade em Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate intersectoral actions aimed at confronting social inequities, in the level of Primary Health Care, developed with a view to reducing health inequalities in Brazil. Method: systematic review with search in LILACS and MEDLINE databases. As eligibility criteria, research developed in Brazil, from 2005 to 2015, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, with at least one title or summary descriptor was used. For the data analysis, the theoretical references, the variables governmental intersectorial action and intersectorial action with social participation and the PRISMA Guidelines Guide were used. Results: 40% of the studies dealt with intersectorial actions of governmental level involving initiatives of the federal government; 20%, of local intersectoral actions involving civil society; 40% of the two types; 40%, based on the World Health Organization's benchmark; 20%, in the reference of the Capital Stock; 20% in the World Health Organization and Lifetime referral guidelines and 20% in the World Health Organization and Social Capital benchmarks. Conclusion: intersectorial policies, together with society, increase the possibilities of achieving social equity in Brazil. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Social Inequity; Social Determinants of Health; Intersectoral Action; Public Policies; Health Equity.RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar acciones intersectoriales dirigidas al enfrentamiento de las inequidades sociales, a nivel de Atención Primaria a la Salud, desarrolladas con vistas a la reducción de las desigualdades en salud en Brasil. Método: revisión sistemática con búsqueda en las Bases de datos LILACS y MEDLINE. Fueron utilizados, como criterio de elegibilidad, de investigación desarrollado en Brasil, desde 2005 hasta 2015, en portugués, inglés o español, con, al menos, un descriptor en el título o en el resumen. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron los referenciales teóricos, las variables acción intersectorial gubernamental y acción intersectorial con participación social y el Guía de Directrices PRISMA. Resultados: 40% de los estudios trataron sobre acciones intersectoriales de nivel gubernamental involucrando iniciativas del gobierno federal; 20%, de acciones intersectoriales locales involucrando a la sociedad civil; el 40% de los dos tipos; El 40%, basado en el referencial de la Organización Mundial de la Salud; el 20%, en el referencial del Capital Social; y el 20%, en los referenciales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el Curso de la Vida y el 20%, en los referentes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y del Capital Social. Conclusión: políticas intersectoriales, en conjunto con la sociedad, aumentan las posibilidades de concreción de equidad social en Brasil. Descriptores: Atención Primaria a la Salud; Iniquidad Social; Determinantes Sociales de la Salud; Acción Intersectorial; Políticas Públicas; Equidad em Salud.