El presente trabajo se realizó con el propósito de evaluar el efecto del programa nutricional sobre la composición corporal en pacientes con síndrome metabólico. El diseño fue pre experimental en una muestra de 22 trabajadores seleccionados de 60 identificados con síndrome metabólico, pertenecientes a la Gerencia de Seguridad Ciudadana de la Municipalidad de Víctor Larco de la ciudad de Trujillo, a quienes se les aplicó un programa nutricional con seguimiento de un plan dietario individualizado entre 2000 y 2200 calorías durante 8 meses. Se identificó la presencia de síndrome metabólico utilizando los criterios de la Asociación Latinoamericana de diabetes (ALAD) 2018. La glicemia y el perfil lipídico se determinaron con el uso de glucómetro Accu Chek® Performa Nano y Colesterometro Mission respectivamente y la composición corporal a través de la bioimpediancia con el equipo Maltron 920-II. El 61.86% de los trabajadores presentó síndrome metabólico y el 72.16% riesgo aterogénico. Después de la aplicación del programa nutricional, el % grasa se reduce desde 33.52±6.41 % a 31.56±7.02% (p<0.05), un incremento de la masa libre de grasa desde 66.48±6.41 a 68.44±7.02 % (p<0.05), un aumento no significativo de la masa muscular 28.68±4.44 a 29.73±4.75 kg y de manera similar con la proteína corporal de 12.58 ±1.88 kg a 13.02±2.05 (p=0.223). Finalmente no se presentó modificaciones en el IMC. Se concluye que el programa nutricional mejoró en la composición corporal el %grasa y masa libre de grasa, pero no en el IMC, debiéndose enfatizar más en la actividad física.

Cardiac troponin serum concentration is a marker of myocardial injury, but NT-pro BNP is a marker of myocardial insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine binary logistic regression models to verify the possible association of cardiovascular risk indicators, pre-pandemic history, the number of times participants were infected with SARS-CoV-2, and vaccination against these biomarkers. A total of 281 residents of Trujillo city (Peru) participated between September and December 2023. We found a high prevalence of abdominal obesity of 55.2%; glycemia > 100 m/dL in 53%; hypercholesterolemia in 49.8%; low HDL in 71.9%; and LDL > 100 mg/dL in 78.6%. A total of 97.5% were vaccinated against COVID-19, and 92.2% had three or more doses. Also, 2.5% had cTnI > 0.05 ng/mL, and 3.3% had NT-proBNP > 125 pg/mL. The number of COVID-19 infections versus cTnI > 0.05 ng/mL presented an OR = 3.513 (p = 0.003), while for NT-proBNP > 125 pg/mL, the number of comorbidities presented an OR = 2.185 (p = 0.025) and LDL an OR = 0.209 (p = 0.025). A regression model was obtained in which there is an association between a higher number of COVID-19 infections and elevated cTnI values and a model implying an association of the number of comorbidities and LDL with the NT-proBNP level in a direct and inverse manner, respectively. Both models contribute to the prevention of cardiac damage.

Background: Strategic vocabulary acquisition is a significant factor in the development of reading comprehension during secondary education, as it facilitates meaning construction, access to academic vocabulary, and the effective interpretation of increasingly complex texts. Objective: To determine the relationship between vocabulary acquisition strategies and reading comprehension among first-year secondary school students at an educational institution in Lima, Peru. Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed using a non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional design to analyze the relationship between vocabulary acquisition strategies and reading comprehension in secondary school students. The sample consisted of 50 students. Results: Vocabulary acquisition strategies were the dimension most closely associated with reading comprehension (ρ = .693; p < .001), surpassing the relationship observed for overall vocabulary development (ρ = .630; p < .001). Furthermore, vocabulary mastery and functional vocabulary use showed moderate positive correlations (ρ = .401; p = .004), demonstrating the contribution of various lexical dimensions to reading comprehension performance. Conclusion: Vocabulary acquisition strategies play a significant role in reading comprehension; therefore, strengthening these strategies in secondary education represents a relevant pedagogical approach to fostering meaning construction and the development of reading competencies.