In this study, the polar extract of Arum italicum Miller tubers was fractionated by ‘biological activity guided fractionation’ method. MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and A549 (non-small lung cancer) cancer cell lines were used to screen cytotoxic activity. Possible antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of each subfraction were evaluated by in vitro. As a result, E2 were cytotoxic against A549 cell lines while E3 and E6 showed good cytotoxic activities against both cancer cell lines. These three subfractions showed apoptotic and antiproliferative effects comparable with positive control. The chemical composition of each subfraction was determined by LC/MS-MS. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, lignans and glycosides, hydroxycinnamic acid-spermidine conjugates and oxylipins identified in subfractions were major secondary metabolites.

Naturally occurring coumarins are a group of compounds with many documented central nervous system (CNS) activities. However, dihydrofuranocoumarins have been infrequently investigated for their bioactivities at CNS level. Within the frame of this study, an efficient liquid–liquid chromatography method was developed to rapidly isolate rutamarin from Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) dichloromethane extract (DCM). The crude DCM (9.78 mg/mL) and rutamarin (6.17 M) were found to be effective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) with inhibition percentages of 89.98% and 95.26%, respectively. The inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) for the DCM extract was almost the same (88.22%). However, for rutamarin, it significantly dropped to 25.15%. To examine the molecular interaction of rutamarin with hMAO- B, an in silico evaluation was implemented. A docking study was performed for the two enantiomers (R)-rutamarin and (S)-rutamarin. The (S)-rutamarin was found to bind stronger to the hMAO-B binging cavity.

The fruit of Physalis peruviana L. (PPL) has been traditionally used as antispasmodic, diuretic, antiseptic, sedative, and analgesic all over the world. We aimed to perform qualitative content analysis of the fruits of PPL and to clarify the in vitro genotoxicity and in vivo acute and subchronic toxicity of the fruit. Lyophilized fruit juice does not induce genetic damage. In the acute toxicity studies, LD50 value of the fruit was found to be more than 5000mgkg1 for both sexes. According to the subchronic toxicity studies, hepatic, renal, and hematological toxic effects were not induced in both sexes. Plasma troponin I (only in the group treated with 5000mgkg1 of lyophilized fruit juice) and troponin T levels were significantly increased in male groups treated with lyophilized fruit juice compared to the control group. Furthermore, potassium level was significantly increased in the male group treated with 5000mgkg1 of lyophilized fruit juice. These findings were considered to indicate the myocardial damage particularly in the male group treated with 5000mgkg1 of lyophilized fruit juice. In conclusion, lyophilized fruit juice of PPL is shown to induce cardiac toxicity only at high doses and in male gender.