Paleocarpological study was accomplished at four Upper Pleistocene sections of the Central Forest State Nature Biosphere Reserve (southern of Valdai Uplands). Sixty-five taxa of higher plants were found in the fossil flora of the region. Two carpological assemblages were distinguished reflecting different ecological and climatic conditions. The earlier assemblage is typical of Mikulino (Eemian) Interglacial, and the later corresponds to interglacial/glacial transition and the beginning of Early Valdai (Early Weischelian) glacial epoch. The obtained paleocarpological results were considered in light of palynological data.

In the context of shifting the boundary of the Quaternary down to the level of 2.6 Ma and including the Gelasian Stage in the Quaternary System, the systematization of the original and...

Results of modern carpological studies of the Ples section in the Upper Volga Region are discussed. The section includes sediments of the Mikulino (Eemian) Interglacial and Early Valdai (Early Weichselian) Glacial. Particular attention is given to Early Valdai carpological assemblages. The analysis of their composition and comparison with palynological data from the locality and carpological data from western regions of the East European Plain allows one to assign the assemblages under study to two relatively warm episodes of interstade type. For the first time, the carpological characteristics of two warm episodes are given for this territory.