Recycled materials from construction and demolition waste, such as recycled concrete aggregate, recycled brick aggregate, or recycled asphalt coming from the milling of road/motorway surfaces, are the key for a sustainable production of concrete. This paper reviews in particular the use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates in the production of concrete for structural uses. An overview is initially presented to describe the different areas of use of RAP, its definition and the limitations imposed by codes and standards. Relatively to the experimental data provided by the literature, a comparison with the Italian minimum requirements is also provided. Lastly, the influence of RAP on the characteristics of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, Young’s Modulus and a study of durability are presented to define the possible applications of RAP in structural concrete in relation to the current allowable percentage of substitution.

Structural concrete aggregate can be substituted with sustainable alternatives from construction and demolition waste, such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). This contribution assesses the RAP aggregate production chain and aims to investigate the economic aspect of RAP aggregate, evaluating the costs associated with its production and comparing them with the ones necessary to produce NA and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). This analysis aims to provide additional information on the possible advantages of RAP aggregate use in order to promote sustainable construction. The evaluation was developed using a four-step methodology consisting of (i) determining the RAP aggregate production procedure; (ii) selecting a case study; (iii) defining the mix design; and (iv) performing a cost evaluation and comparing it to the cost of NA and RCA production. The results of the cost analysis of three concretes containing different RAP percentages (0%, 30%, and 45%) demonstrated that RAP’s presence led to more expensive admixtures, with the RAP unit cost being higher than NA (+155.39%). Some strategies were proposed to diminish RAP’s cost, resulting in a reduction of −39.64% with respect to NA’s cost and ranging from 45.13% to 67.30% when compared to RCA’s cost.

In recent years, Composite Reinforced Mortar (CRM) is widely used for the seismic consolidation of masonry structures, particularly in heritage buildings. CRM systems involve embedding a preformed FRP (fibre reinforced polymer) mesh into a lime or cement structural mortar. While the mechanical properties of CRM have been largely investigated, its thermal behaviour remains less studied. Since the CRM system covers the entire wall, the mortar significatively influences the hygrothermal performance of the building envelope. Despite this, a tabulated standard value of mortar conductivity is provided by Manufacturer, in according to the main standards (EN 998-1; EN 998-2). Building energy designers can required a measured conductivity, e.g. using the test methods provided by EN 10456:2007, where the influence of moisture content and temperature is evaluated with the introduction of specific corrections factors. With the growing use of CRM system, exposure to outdoor conditions, the strict European energy efficiency regulations, it is crucial to define a law governing the variability of thermal conductivity under the variability of climatic conditions such as temperature and moisture content. This study focuses on analyzing two commercial structural reinforcement mortars used in CRM systems. Experimental tests conducted at ITC laboratories examined porosity, capillary water absorption, and thermal conductivity under moisture content. The results highlight those factors such as climate, the component’s placement and orientation, and solar absorptance can significantly influence the performance of the mortar, and consequently the calculation of the entire building’s energy requirements.