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The efficient incoupling of light into particular fibers at large angles is essential for a multitude of applications; however, this is difficult to achieve with commonly used fibers due to low numerical aperture. Here, we demonstrate that commonly used optical fibers functionalized with arrays of metallic nanodots show substantially improved large-angle light-collection performances at multiple wavelengths. In particular, we show that at visible wavelengths, higher diffraction orders contribute significantly to the light-coupling efficiency, independent of the incident polarization, with a dominant excitation of the fundamental mode. The experimental observation is confirmed by an analytical model, which directly suggests further improvement in incoupling efficiency through the use of powerful nanostructures such as metasurface or dielectric gratings. Therefore, our concept paves the way for high-performance fiber-based optical devices and is particularly relevant within the context of endoscopic-type applications in life science and light collection within quantum technology.
Ning Wang; Matthias Zeisberger; Uwe Hübner; Markus Schmidt. Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles. Photonics 2021, 8, 295 .
AMA StyleNing Wang, Matthias Zeisberger, Uwe Hübner, Markus Schmidt. Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles. Photonics. 2021; 8 (8):295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNing Wang; Matthias Zeisberger; Uwe Hübner; Markus Schmidt. 2021. "Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles." Photonics 8, no. 8: 295.
Evidence of intermodal dispersive wave generation mediated by intermodal cross-phase modulation (iXPM) between different transverse modes during supercontinuum generation in silicon nitride waveguides is presented. The formation of a higher-order soliton in one strong transverse mode leads to phase modulation of a second, weak transverse mode by iXPM. The phase modulation enables not only supercontinuum generation but also dispersive wave generation within the weak mode, that otherwise has insufficient power to facilitate dispersive wave formation. The nonlinear frequency conversion scheme presented here suggests phase-matching conditions beyond what is currently known, which can be exploited for extending the spectral bandwidth within supercontinuum generation.
Niklas M. Lüpken; Maximilian Timmerkamp; Ramona Scheibinger; Kay Schaarschmidt; Markus A. Schmidt; Klaus‐J. Boller; Carsten Fallnich. Numerical and Experimental Demonstration of Intermodal Dispersive Wave Generation. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2021, 2100125 .
AMA StyleNiklas M. Lüpken, Maximilian Timmerkamp, Ramona Scheibinger, Kay Schaarschmidt, Markus A. Schmidt, Klaus‐J. Boller, Carsten Fallnich. Numerical and Experimental Demonstration of Intermodal Dispersive Wave Generation. Laser & Photonics Reviews. 2021; ():2100125.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiklas M. Lüpken; Maximilian Timmerkamp; Ramona Scheibinger; Kay Schaarschmidt; Markus A. Schmidt; Klaus‐J. Boller; Carsten Fallnich. 2021. "Numerical and Experimental Demonstration of Intermodal Dispersive Wave Generation." Laser & Photonics Reviews , no. : 2100125.
Flavie Davidson-Marquis; Julian Gargiulo; Esteban Gómez-López; Bumjoon Jang; Tim Kroh; Chris Müller; Mario Ziegler; Stefan A. Maier; Harald Kübler; Markus A. Schmidt; Oliver Benson. Publisher Correction: Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage. Light: Science & Applications 2021, 10, 1 -2.
AMA StyleFlavie Davidson-Marquis, Julian Gargiulo, Esteban Gómez-López, Bumjoon Jang, Tim Kroh, Chris Müller, Mario Ziegler, Stefan A. Maier, Harald Kübler, Markus A. Schmidt, Oliver Benson. Publisher Correction: Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage. Light: Science & Applications. 2021; 10 (1):1-2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlavie Davidson-Marquis; Julian Gargiulo; Esteban Gómez-López; Bumjoon Jang; Tim Kroh; Chris Müller; Mario Ziegler; Stefan A. Maier; Harald Kübler; Markus A. Schmidt; Oliver Benson. 2021. "Publisher Correction: Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage." Light: Science & Applications 10, no. 1: 1-2.
Nano-particle tracking analysis (NTA) represents one essential technology to characterize diffusing nano-scale objects. Here uncovering dynamic processes and high precision measurements require tracks with thousands of frames to reach high statistical significance, ideally at high frame rates. In this work optical fibers with nano-channels were employed for NTA, successfully demonstrating the aquizitation of trajectories of fast diffusion nano-objects with 100,000 frames. Due to the spatial limitation of the central nano-fluidic channel the diffusion of objects illuminated by the core mode is confined enabling the recording of Brownian motion over extraordinarily long time scales at high frame rates. The resulting benefits are discussed on a representative track of a gold nano-sphere diffusing in water over nearly 100,000 frames at 2 kHz frame rate. In addition to the verification of the fiber-based NTA using two data processing methods, a segmented analysis reveals a correlation between precision of determined diameter and continuous time interval (i.e., number of frames per sub-trajectory). The presented results demonstrate the capabilities of fiber-based NTA in terms of (i) determining diameters with extraordinary high precision of single species and (ii) monitoring dynamic processes of the object or the fluidic environment both of which are relevant within biology, microrheology and nano-object characterization
Fengji Gui; Shiqi Jiang; Ronny Förster; Malte Plidschun; Stefan Weidlich; Jiangbo Zhao; Markus A. Schmidt. Ultralong Tracking of Fast diffusing Nano‐Objects Inside Nano‐Fluidic Channel Enhanced Microstructured Optical Fiber. Advanced Photonics Research 2021, 2100032 .
AMA StyleFengji Gui, Shiqi Jiang, Ronny Förster, Malte Plidschun, Stefan Weidlich, Jiangbo Zhao, Markus A. Schmidt. Ultralong Tracking of Fast diffusing Nano‐Objects Inside Nano‐Fluidic Channel Enhanced Microstructured Optical Fiber. Advanced Photonics Research. 2021; ():2100032.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFengji Gui; Shiqi Jiang; Ronny Förster; Malte Plidschun; Stefan Weidlich; Jiangbo Zhao; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Ultralong Tracking of Fast diffusing Nano‐Objects Inside Nano‐Fluidic Channel Enhanced Microstructured Optical Fiber." Advanced Photonics Research , no. : 2100032.
We demonstrate supercontinuum generation in a liquid-core microstructured optical fiber using carbon disulfide as the core material. The fiber provides a specific dispersion landscape with a zero-dispersion wavelength approaching the telecommunication domain where the corresponding capillary-type counterpart shows unsuitable dispersion properties for soliton fission. The experiments were conducted using two pump lasers with different pulse duration (30 fs and 90 fs) giving rise to different non-instantaneous contributions of carbon disulfide in each case. The presented results demonstrate an extraordinary high conversion efficiency from pump to soliton and to dispersive wave, overall defining a platform that enables studying the impact of non-instantaneous responses on ultrafast soliton dynamics and coherence using straightforward pump lasers and diagnostics.
Saher Junaid; Joerg Bierlich; Alexander Hartung; Tobias Meyer; Mario Chemnitz; Markus A. Schmidt. Supercontinuum generation in a carbon disulfide core microstructured optical fiber. Optics Express 2021, 29, 19891 -19902.
AMA StyleSaher Junaid, Joerg Bierlich, Alexander Hartung, Tobias Meyer, Mario Chemnitz, Markus A. Schmidt. Supercontinuum generation in a carbon disulfide core microstructured optical fiber. Optics Express. 2021; 29 (13):19891-19902.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaher Junaid; Joerg Bierlich; Alexander Hartung; Tobias Meyer; Mario Chemnitz; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Supercontinuum generation in a carbon disulfide core microstructured optical fiber." Optics Express 29, no. 13: 19891-19902.
Interfacing integrated on-chip waveguides with spectroscopic approaches represents one research direction within current photonics aiming at reducing geometric footprints and increasing device densities. Particularly relevant is to connect chip-integrated waveguides with established fiber-based circuitry, opening up the possibility for a new class of devices within the field of integrated photonics. Here, one attractive waveguide is the on-chip light cage, confining and guiding light in a low-index core through the anti-resonance effect. This waveguide, implemented via 3D nanoprinting and reaching nearly 100% overlap of mode and material of interest, uniquely provides side-wise access to the core region through the open spaces between the cage strands, drastically reducing gas diffusion times. Here, we extend the capabilities of the light cage concept by interfacing light cages and optical fibers, reaching a fully fiber-integrated on-chip waveguide arrangement with its spectroscopic capabilities demonstrated here on the example of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy of ammonia. Controlling and optimizing the fiber circuitry integration have been achieved via automatic alignment in etched v-grooves on silicon chips. This successful device integration via 3D nanoprinting highlights the fiber-interfaced light cage to be an attractive waveguide platform for a multitude of spectroscopy-related fields, including bio-analytics, lab-on-chip photonic sensing, chemistry, and quantum metrology.
Bumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Jisoo Kim; Johannes Bürger; Steffen Both; Hartmut Lehmann; Torsten Wieduwilt; Thomas Weiss; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. Fiber-integrated hollow-core light cage for gas spectroscopy. APL Photonics 2021, 6, 061301 .
AMA StyleBumjoon Jang, Julian Gargiulo, Jisoo Kim, Johannes Bürger, Steffen Both, Hartmut Lehmann, Torsten Wieduwilt, Thomas Weiss, Stefan A. Maier, Markus A. Schmidt. Fiber-integrated hollow-core light cage for gas spectroscopy. APL Photonics. 2021; 6 (6):061301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Jisoo Kim; Johannes Bürger; Steffen Both; Hartmut Lehmann; Torsten Wieduwilt; Thomas Weiss; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Fiber-integrated hollow-core light cage for gas spectroscopy." APL Photonics 6, no. 6: 061301.
Controlling coherent interaction between optical fields and quantum systems in scalable, integrated platforms is essential for quantum technologies. Miniaturised, warm alkali-vapour cells integrated with on-chip photonic devices represent an attractive system, in particular for delay or storage of a single-photon quantum state. Hollow-core fibres or planar waveguides are widely used to confine light over long distances enhancing light-matter interaction in atomic-vapour cells. However, they suffer from inefficient filling times, enhanced dephasing for atoms near the surfaces, and limited light-matter overlap. We report here on the observation of modified electromagnetically induced transparency for a non-diffractive beam of light in an on-chip, laterally-accessible hollow-core light cage. Atomic layer deposition of an alumina nanofilm onto the light-cage structure was utilised to precisely tune the high-transmission spectral region of the light-cage mode to the operation wavelength of the atomic transition, while additionally protecting the polymer against the corrosive alkali vapour. The experiments show strong, coherent light-matter coupling over lengths substantially exceeding the Rayleigh range. Additionally, the stable non-degrading performance and extreme versatility of the light cage provide an excellent basis for a manifold of quantum-storage and quantum-nonlinear applications, highlighting it as a compelling candidate for all-on-chip, integrable, low-cost, vapour-based photon delay.
Flavie Davidson-Marquis; Julian Gargiulo; Esteban Gómez-López; Bumjoon Jang; Tim Kroh; Chris Müller; Mario Ziegler; Stefan A. Maier; Harald Kübler; Markus A. Schmidt; Oliver Benson. Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage. Light: Science & Applications 2021, 10, 1 -10.
AMA StyleFlavie Davidson-Marquis, Julian Gargiulo, Esteban Gómez-López, Bumjoon Jang, Tim Kroh, Chris Müller, Mario Ziegler, Stefan A. Maier, Harald Kübler, Markus A. Schmidt, Oliver Benson. Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage. Light: Science & Applications. 2021; 10 (1):1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlavie Davidson-Marquis; Julian Gargiulo; Esteban Gómez-López; Bumjoon Jang; Tim Kroh; Chris Müller; Mario Ziegler; Stefan A. Maier; Harald Kübler; Markus A. Schmidt; Oliver Benson. 2021. "Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage." Light: Science & Applications 10, no. 1: 1-10.
Ultrafast supercontinuum generation crucially depends on the dispersive properties of the underlying waveguide. This strong dependency allows for tailoring nonlinear frequency conversion and is particularly relevant in the context of waveguides that include geometry-induced resonances. Here, we experimentally uncovered the impact of the relative spectral distance between the pump and the bandgap edge on the supercontinuum generation and in particular on the dispersive wave formation on the example of a liquid strand-based photonic bandgap fiber. In contrast to its air-hole-based counterpart, a bandgap fiber shows a dispersion landscape that varies greatly with wavelength. Particularly due to the strong dispersion variation close to the bandgap edges, nanometer adjustments of the pump wavelength result in a dramatic change of the dispersive wave generation (wavelength and threshold). Phase-matching considerations confirm these observations, additionally revealing the relevance of third order dispersion for interband energy transfer. The present study provides additional insights into the nonlinear frequency conversion of resonance-enhanced waveguide systems which will be relevant for both understanding nonlinear processes as well as for tailoring the spectral output of nonlinear fiber sources.
Xue Qi; Kay Schaarschmidt; Guangrui Li; Saher Junaid; Ramona Scheibinger; Tilman Lühder; Markus Schmidt. Understanding Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Liquid Strand-Based Photonic Bandgap Fibers. Crystals 2021, 11, 305 .
AMA StyleXue Qi, Kay Schaarschmidt, Guangrui Li, Saher Junaid, Ramona Scheibinger, Tilman Lühder, Markus Schmidt. Understanding Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Liquid Strand-Based Photonic Bandgap Fibers. Crystals. 2021; 11 (3):305.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue Qi; Kay Schaarschmidt; Guangrui Li; Saher Junaid; Ramona Scheibinger; Tilman Lühder; Markus Schmidt. 2021. "Understanding Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Liquid Strand-Based Photonic Bandgap Fibers." Crystals 11, no. 3: 305.
Strong focusing on diffraction-limited spots is essential for many photonic applications and is particularly relevant for optical trapping; however, all currently used approaches fail to simultaneously provide flexible transportation of light, straightforward implementation, compatibility with waveguide circuitry, and strong focusing. Here, we demonstrate the design and 3D nanoprinting of an ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for highly flexible optical trapping. Taking into account the peculiarities of the fibre environment, we implemented an ultrathin meta-lens on the facet of a modified single-mode optical fibre via direct laser writing, leading to a diffraction-limited focal spot with a record-high numerical aperture of up to NA ≈ 0.9. The unique capabilities of this flexible, cost-effective, bio- and fibre-circuitry-compatible meta-fibre device were demonstrated by optically trapping microbeads and bacteria for the first time with only one single-mode fibre in combination with diffractive optics. Our study highlights the relevance of the unexplored but exciting field of meta-fibre optics to a multitude of fields, such as bioanalytics, quantum technology and life sciences.
Malte Plidschun; Haoran Ren; Jisoo Kim; Ronny Förster; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. Ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for flexible optical trapping. Light: Science & Applications 2021, 10, 1 -11.
AMA StyleMalte Plidschun, Haoran Ren, Jisoo Kim, Ronny Förster, Stefan A. Maier, Markus A. Schmidt. Ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for flexible optical trapping. Light: Science & Applications. 2021; 10 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalte Plidschun; Haoran Ren; Jisoo Kim; Ronny Förster; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for flexible optical trapping." Light: Science & Applications 10, no. 1: 1-11.
Three-dimensional laser nanoprinting represents a unique approach for implementing on-chip hollow-core waveguides. Here we discuss the fabrication characteristics of the light cage geometry arising from the used two-photon polymerization lithography. We reveal the current limits of achievable waveguide length (3 cm), single strand aspect ratio (8200) and modal attenuation. Very high reproducibility for light cages on the same chip is found, while different conditions in fabrication cycles impose chip-to-chip variations. We also highlight the relevance of including reinforcement rings to prevent structural collapse. The results presented uncover key issues that result from nanoprinting light cages and can be transferred to other nanoprinted waveguides.
Johannes Bürger; Jisoo Kim; Bumjoon Jang; Julián Gargiulo; Markus A. Schmidt; Stefan A. Maier. Ultrahigh-aspect-ratio light cages: fabrication limits and tolerances of free-standing 3D nanoprinted waveguides. Optical Materials Express 2021, 11, 1046 -1057.
AMA StyleJohannes Bürger, Jisoo Kim, Bumjoon Jang, Julián Gargiulo, Markus A. Schmidt, Stefan A. Maier. Ultrahigh-aspect-ratio light cages: fabrication limits and tolerances of free-standing 3D nanoprinted waveguides. Optical Materials Express. 2021; 11 (4):1046-1057.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohannes Bürger; Jisoo Kim; Bumjoon Jang; Julián Gargiulo; Markus A. Schmidt; Stefan A. Maier. 2021. "Ultrahigh-aspect-ratio light cages: fabrication limits and tolerances of free-standing 3D nanoprinted waveguides." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 4: 1046-1057.
Swaathi Upendar; Markus A. Schmidt; Thomas Weiss. What optical fiber modes reveal: group velocity and effective index for external perturbations. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 2021, 38, 1097 .
AMA StyleSwaathi Upendar, Markus A. Schmidt, Thomas Weiss. What optical fiber modes reveal: group velocity and effective index for external perturbations. Journal of the Optical Society of America B. 2021; 38 (4):1097.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSwaathi Upendar; Markus A. Schmidt; Thomas Weiss. 2021. "What optical fiber modes reveal: group velocity and effective index for external perturbations." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 38, no. 4: 1097.
Supercontinuum generation enabled a series of key technologies such as frequency comb sources, ultrashort pulse sources in the ultraviolet or the mid-infrared, as well as broadband light sources for spectroscopic methods in biophotonics. Recent advances utilizing higher-order modes have shown the potential to boost both bandwidth and modal output distribution of supercontinuum sources. However, the strive towards a breakthrough technology is hampered by the limited control over the intra- and intermodal nonlinear processes in the highly multi-modal silica fibers commonly used. Here, we investigate the ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of soliton-based supercontinuum generation and the associated mode coupling within the first three lowest-order modes of accurately dispersion-engineered liquid-core fibers. By measuring the energy-spectral evolutions and the spatial distributions of the various generated spectral features polarization-resolved, soliton fission and dispersive wave formation are identified as the origins of the nonlinear broadening. Measured results are confirmed by nonlinear simulations taking advantage of the accurate modeling capabilities of the ideal step-index geometry of our liquid-core platform. While operating in the telecommunications domain, our study allows further advances in nonlinear switching in emerging higher-order mode fiber networks as well as novel insights into the sophisticated nonlinear dynamics and broadband light generation in pre-selected polarization states.
Ramona Scheibinger; Niklas M. Lüpken; Mario Chemnitz; Kay Schaarschmidt; Jens Kobelke; Carsten Fallnich; Markus A. Schmidt. Higher-order mode supercontinuum generation in dispersion-engineered liquid-core fibers. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.
AMA StyleRamona Scheibinger, Niklas M. Lüpken, Mario Chemnitz, Kay Schaarschmidt, Jens Kobelke, Carsten Fallnich, Markus A. Schmidt. Higher-order mode supercontinuum generation in dispersion-engineered liquid-core fibers. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamona Scheibinger; Niklas M. Lüpken; Mario Chemnitz; Kay Schaarschmidt; Jens Kobelke; Carsten Fallnich; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Higher-order mode supercontinuum generation in dispersion-engineered liquid-core fibers." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.
We demonstrate how to reduce the loss in photonic bandgap fibers by orders of magnitude by varying the radius of the corner strands in the core surround. As a fundamental working principle we find that changing the corner strand radius can lead to backscattering of light into the fiber core. Selecting an optimal corner strand radius can thus reduce the loss of the fundamental core mode in a specific wavelength range by almost two orders of magnitude when compared to an unmodified cladding structure. Using the optimal corner radius for each transmission window, we observe the low-loss behavior for the first and second bandgaps, with the losses in the second bandgap being even lower than that of the first one. Our approach of reducing the confinement loss is conceptually applicable to all kinds of photonic bandgap fibers including hollow core and all-glass fibers as well as on-chip light cages. Therefore, our concept paves the way to low-loss light guidance in such systems with substantially reduced fabrication complexity.
Swaathi Upendar; Ron Fatobene Ando; Markus Schmidt; Thomas Weiss. Orders of magnitude loss reduction in photonic bandgap fibers by engineering the core surround. Optics Express 2021, 29, 8606 -8616.
AMA StyleSwaathi Upendar, Ron Fatobene Ando, Markus Schmidt, Thomas Weiss. Orders of magnitude loss reduction in photonic bandgap fibers by engineering the core surround. Optics Express. 2021; 29 (6):8606-8616.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSwaathi Upendar; Ron Fatobene Ando; Markus Schmidt; Thomas Weiss. 2021. "Orders of magnitude loss reduction in photonic bandgap fibers by engineering the core surround." Optics Express 29, no. 6: 8606-8616.
Hybrid-material optical fibers enhance the capabilities of fiber-optics technologies, extending current functionalities to several emerging application areas. Such platforms rely on the integration of novel materials into the fiber core or cladding, thereby supporting hybrid modes with new characteristics. Here we present experiments that reveal hybrid mode interactions within a doped-core silica fiber containing a central high-index nanofluidic channel. Compared with a standard liquid-filled capillary, calculations predict modes with unique properties emerging as a result of the doped core/cladding interface, possessing a high power fraction inside and outside the nanofluidic channel. Our experiments directly reveal the beating pattern in the fluorescent liquid resulting from the excitation of the first two linearly polarized hybrid modes in this system, being in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. The efficient excitation and beat of such modes in such an off-resonance situation distinguishes our device from regular directional mode couplers and can benefit applications that demand strong coupling between fundamental- and higher-order- modes, e.g. intermodal third-harmonic generation, bidirectional coupling, and nanofluidic sensing.
André D. Gomes; Jiangbo Tim Zhao; Alessandro Tuniz; Markus A. Schmidt. Direct observation of modal hybridization in nanofluidic fiber [Invited]. Optical Materials Express 2021, 11, 559 -568.
AMA StyleAndré D. Gomes, Jiangbo Tim Zhao, Alessandro Tuniz, Markus A. Schmidt. Direct observation of modal hybridization in nanofluidic fiber [Invited]. Optical Materials Express. 2021; 11 (2):559-568.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndré D. Gomes; Jiangbo Tim Zhao; Alessandro Tuniz; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Direct observation of modal hybridization in nanofluidic fiber [Invited]." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 2: 559-568.
We provide a correction due to an erroneous repetition rate of one of the laser systems (90 fs pulse duration) in our previously published paper [Opt. Express 28, 25037 (2020) [CrossRef] ].
Kay Schaarschmidt; Jens Kobelke; Stefan Nolte; Tobias Meyer; Markus A. Schmidt. Ultrafast intermodal third harmonic generation in a liquid core step-index fiber filled with C2Cl4: erratum. Optics Express 2021, 29, 1890 -1891.
AMA StyleKay Schaarschmidt, Jens Kobelke, Stefan Nolte, Tobias Meyer, Markus A. Schmidt. Ultrafast intermodal third harmonic generation in a liquid core step-index fiber filled with C2Cl4: erratum. Optics Express. 2021; 29 (2):1890-1891.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKay Schaarschmidt; Jens Kobelke; Stefan Nolte; Tobias Meyer; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Ultrafast intermodal third harmonic generation in a liquid core step-index fiber filled with C2Cl4: erratum." Optics Express 29, no. 2: 1890-1891.
Tilman A. K. Lühder; Henrik Schneidewind; Erik P. Schartner; Heike Ebendorf-Heidepriem; Markus A. Schmidt. Longitudinally thickness-controlled nanofilms on exposed core fibres enabling spectrally flattened supercontinuum generation. Light: Advanced Manufacturing 2021, 2, 1 -12.
AMA StyleTilman A. K. Lühder, Henrik Schneidewind, Erik P. Schartner, Heike Ebendorf-Heidepriem, Markus A. Schmidt. Longitudinally thickness-controlled nanofilms on exposed core fibres enabling spectrally flattened supercontinuum generation. Light: Advanced Manufacturing. 2021; 2 (3):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTilman A. K. Lühder; Henrik Schneidewind; Erik P. Schartner; Heike Ebendorf-Heidepriem; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Longitudinally thickness-controlled nanofilms on exposed core fibres enabling spectrally flattened supercontinuum generation." Light: Advanced Manufacturing 2, no. 3: 1-12.
The light cage is a 3D nanoprinted hollow-core waveguide which can be used as an integrated light-matter interaction platform. Here we present the fiber-connected version of light cage and demonstrate ammonia gas sensing using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy.
Bumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Jisoo Kim; Johannes Bürger; Hartmut Lehmann; Torsten Wieduwilt; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. Fiber-connected 3D Printed Hollow-core Light Cage for Gas Detection. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2021, SM4N.1 .
AMA StyleBumjoon Jang, Julian Gargiulo, Jisoo Kim, Johannes Bürger, Hartmut Lehmann, Torsten Wieduwilt, Stefan A. Maier, Markus A. Schmidt. Fiber-connected 3D Printed Hollow-core Light Cage for Gas Detection. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. 2021; ():SM4N.1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Jisoo Kim; Johannes Bürger; Hartmut Lehmann; Torsten Wieduwilt; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Fiber-connected 3D Printed Hollow-core Light Cage for Gas Detection." Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics , no. : SM4N.1.
We tracked unlabeled SARS-CoV-2 viruses inside a hollow core optical fiber by elastic light scattering. The simultaneous confinement of particles and light leads to intense scattering, long trajectories and consequently a precise nanoparticle tracking analysis.
Ronny Förster; Torsten Wieduwilt; Mona Nissen; Markus A Schmidt. Tracking of individual Nano-objects inside Hollow Core Fibers on the example SARS-CoV-2. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2021, JTu1R.4 .
AMA StyleRonny Förster, Torsten Wieduwilt, Mona Nissen, Markus A Schmidt. Tracking of individual Nano-objects inside Hollow Core Fibers on the example SARS-CoV-2. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. 2021; ():JTu1R.4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRonny Förster; Torsten Wieduwilt; Mona Nissen; Markus A Schmidt. 2021. "Tracking of individual Nano-objects inside Hollow Core Fibers on the example SARS-CoV-2." Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics , no. : JTu1R.4.
Depositing high refractive index nanofilms with controlled thicknesses on exposed core fibers enables thickness tunable supercontinuum generation. Thickness gradients along the fiber allow for optimizing for spectral flatness and extension of bandwidth toward the infrared.
Tilman A. K. Lühder; Henrik Schneidewind; Sebastian Goerke; Kay Schaarschmidt; Erik P. Schartner; Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem; Markus A. Schmidt. Graded Nanofilm Controlled Dispersion and Supercontinuum Generation in Exposed Core Fibers. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2021, FTh1J.6 .
AMA StyleTilman A. K. Lühder, Henrik Schneidewind, Sebastian Goerke, Kay Schaarschmidt, Erik P. Schartner, Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Markus A. Schmidt. Graded Nanofilm Controlled Dispersion and Supercontinuum Generation in Exposed Core Fibers. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. 2021; ():FTh1J.6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTilman A. K. Lühder; Henrik Schneidewind; Sebastian Goerke; Kay Schaarschmidt; Erik P. Schartner; Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem; Markus A. Schmidt. 2021. "Graded Nanofilm Controlled Dispersion and Supercontinuum Generation in Exposed Core Fibers." Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics , no. : FTh1J.6.
Emerging applications in spectroscopy-related bioanalytics demand for integrated devices with small geometric footprints and fast response times. While hollow core waveguides principally provide such conditions, currently used approaches include limitations such as long diffusion times, limited light–matter interaction, substantial implementation efforts, and difficult waveguide interfacing. Here, we introduce the concept of the optofluidic light cage that allows for fast and reliable integrated spectroscopy using a novel on-chip hollow core waveguide platform. The structure, implemented by 3D nanoprinting, consists of millimeter-long high-aspect-ratio strands surrounding a hollow core and includes the unique feature of open space between the strands, allowing analytes to sidewise enter the core region. Reliable, robust, and long-term stable light transmission via antiresonance guidance was observed while the light cages were immersed in an aqueous environment. The performance of the light cage related to absorption spectroscopy, refractive index sensitivity, and dye diffusion was experimentally determined, matching simulations and thus demonstrating the relevance of this approach with respect to chemistry and bioanalytics. The presented work features the optofluidic light cage as a novel on-chip sensing platform with unique properties, opening new avenues for highly integrated sensing devices with real-time responses. Application of this concept is not only limited to absorption spectroscopy but also includes Raman, photoluminescence, or fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, more sophisticated applications are also conceivable in, e.g., nanoparticle tracking analysis or ultrafast nonlinear frequency conversion.
Jisoo Kim; Bumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Johannes Bürger; Jiangbo Zhao; Swaathi Upendar; Thomas Weiss; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. The Optofluidic Light Cage – On-Chip Integrated Spectroscopy Using an Antiresonance Hollow Core Waveguide. Analytical Chemistry 2020, 93, 752 -760.
AMA StyleJisoo Kim, Bumjoon Jang, Julian Gargiulo, Johannes Bürger, Jiangbo Zhao, Swaathi Upendar, Thomas Weiss, Stefan A. Maier, Markus A. Schmidt. The Optofluidic Light Cage – On-Chip Integrated Spectroscopy Using an Antiresonance Hollow Core Waveguide. Analytical Chemistry. 2020; 93 (2):752-760.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJisoo Kim; Bumjoon Jang; Julian Gargiulo; Johannes Bürger; Jiangbo Zhao; Swaathi Upendar; Thomas Weiss; Stefan A. Maier; Markus A. Schmidt. 2020. "The Optofluidic Light Cage – On-Chip Integrated Spectroscopy Using an Antiresonance Hollow Core Waveguide." Analytical Chemistry 93, no. 2: 752-760.