Recently, with the widespread adoption of quick response (QR) code payments, there have been incidents of unauthorized use of QR codes presented at the time of payment, due to theft or duplication. As a countermeasure, conventional QR code payment systems are designed to update the QR code periodically. However, there is a problem: it is possible to make a payment using an illegally obtained QR code until the update. Therefore, it is necessary to encrypt the QR code itself to prevent its duplication. The objective of this research is to prevent fraudulent use of QR payments by combining image encryption using random numbers and Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4). In this paper, we perform image encryption using random numbers generated from a uniform distribution for QR codes presented at the time of payment and encrypt the seed value, which is the decryption key, using RC4. As a result, the proposed encryption method prevents unauthorized use of the QR code used for payment by stealing the image, and the processing speed and encryption strength are sufficient. Histogram analysis, key sensitivity analysis, and correlation coefficients were used to measure encryption strength. Finally, the proposed method is expected to enable more secure use of QR payments compared to conventional systems.

A notable drawback of Double Random Phase Encryption (DRPE), a prominent optical cryptography technique, is its low data efficiency. This is because both the encrypted image and the decryption key are represented as complex numbers. To address this issue, a conventional method was proposed that encrypts two images simultaneously by treating the first image as amplitude and the second image as phase. Nevertheless, processes such as integral imaging, which extract 3D object information from images, utilize vast amounts of imagery, necessitating further enhancements in data efficiency. The objective of this research is to enhance DRPE and improve data efficiency by increasing the number of images that can be processed simultaneously. This paper incorporates the information from a third image into the random phase mask used in conventional methods, enabling the simultaneous processing of three images. It also proposes a method to synthesize two images by extracting their high-order bits and combining them. The combination of this image composition method as a preprocessing step with the proposed DRPE method enables the simultaneous processing of six images. As a result, the proposed method achieves a data efficiency approximately six times that of the basic DRPE and approximately three times that of conventional methods. The quality of the decrypted images was evaluated using PSNR and SSIM, while the encryption strength was assessed in terms of key space, key sensitivity, entropy, and correlation coefficients.