Objective: To analyze the prevalence of syphilis in during pregnancy and its association with socioeconomic characteristics, reproductive history, prenatal and labor care, and newborn characteristics. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional study based on gestational and congenital syphilis reports. A (records) linkage was performed in the Brazilian databases: “Information System for Notifiable Diseases” (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN); “Live Births Information System” (Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos - SINASC); and “Mortality Information System” (Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade - SIM). Results: The prevalence of gestational syphilis was 0.57%. The following associations of syphilis in pregnancy were found: non-white skin color/ethnicity (PR=4.6, CI=3.62-5.76); low educational level (PR=15.4; CI=12.60-18.86); and absence of prenatal care (PR=7.4, CI=3.68-14.9). The perinatal outcomes associated with gestational syphilis were prematurity (PR=1.6 CI=1.17-2.21) and low birth weight (PR=1.6; CI=1.14-2.28). Two deaths from congenital syphilis, one death from another cause and five stillbirths were reported. Conclusion: The results signify a long way until reaching the World Health Organization’s goal of eradicating congenital syphilis.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a tendência da morbimortalidade por quedas em idosos, no Brasil, no período de 1996 a 2012. Estudo ecológico da tendência das taxas de internação e de mortalidade por quedas em idosos segundo sexo, por regiões brasileiras e capitais dos estados, com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH-SUS) e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). As análises de tendência foram realizadas segundo modelos de regressão polinomial. As taxas de mortalidade aumentaram em todas regiões e nas capitais dos estados, para as internações houve variação da tendência das taxas nas regiões e nas capitais do país. As taxas variaram de 2,58 a 41,37 internações por 10.000 idosos em 1996 e 2012, respectivamente, e as taxas de mortalidade aumentaram de 1,25, em 1996, a 3,75, em 2012, por 10.000 idosos. Em todo o período, as maiores taxas de mortalidade foram observadas para o sexo masculino. Houve aumento das taxas de mortalidade e de internação por quedas em idosos no Brasil, com variações em relação ao sexo, e também segundo Estado de residência. Os resultados deste estudo além de monitorar o agravo no tempo podem auxiliar ao planejamento de recursos tecnológicos e humanos para prevenção e controle deste agravo.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as principais causas e a tendência da mortalidade neonatal precoce e tardia evitável segundo as regiões brasileiras. Métodos Estudo de séries temporais do tipo ecológico realizado com registros dos óbitos neonatais no período de 2000 a 2018 por meio do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Para classificação das causas evitáveis utilizou-se a Lista de Causas de Mortes Evitáveis por Intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde. A partir das taxas de mortalidade dos componentes neonatal precoce e tardio [...] Resumo Objetivo Analisar as principais causas e a tendência da mortalidade neonatal precoce e tardia evitável segundo as regiões brasileiras. Métodos Estudo de séries temporais do tipo ecológico realizado com registros dos óbitos neonatais no período de 2000 a 2018 por meio do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Para classificação das causas evitáveis utilizou-se a Lista de Causas de Mortes Evitáveis por Intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde. A partir das taxas de mortalidade dos componentes neonatal precoce e tardio

Objectives: to describe the trend of preventable neonatal mortality due to interventions by the Unified Health System in Brazil from 2000 to 2018, according to groups of causes of death and maternal residence. Methods: mixed ecological study with data from the Mortality Information System and Information System on Live Births. The analysis occurred based on the number and rates of avoidable neonatal mortality, polynomial regression models by least squares method and thematic maps. Results: the avoidable neonatal mortality rate decreased from 10.98 in 2000 to 6.76 per 1,000 live births in 2018. Preventable causes prevailed due to adequate care for women during pregnancy, childbirth, fetus and newborn. Deaths from preventable causes from health promotion actions during pregnancy increased in Maranhão (p=0.003) and the Federal District (p=0.001) and remained stable in nine states. There was stability in the rates of mortality due to delivery in Maranhão, Piauí and Amazonas. The causes avoidable by actions with the newborn showed a decreasing trend, except for Roraima where there was stability. Conclusions: there are inequalities in trends of avoidable neonatal mortality rates in the states second according to the group of causes and the need to improve access to and quality of maternal and child health care in these places

OBJECTIVE Identifying factors associated to Caesarean sections among the residents of Maringá-PR, according to the financing source for delivery. METHODS A cross-sectional study with data from 920 postpartum women interviewed between October 2013 and February 2014. Association analysis was performed by logistic regression. RESULTS Caesarean section rates were 55.5% in the Unified Healthcare System (SUS) and 93.8% in the private system. Factors associated with Caesarean section in the SUS were: previous Caesarean section (OR=8.9; CI=4.6-16.9), desire for Caesarean section early in pregnancy (OR=2.0; CI=1.1-3.6), pregestational overweight/obesity (OR=1.8; CI=1.1-2.8), and per capita family income higher than one minimum wage (OR=2.1; CI=1.3-3.4). In the private system, desire for Caesarean section early in pregnancy (OR=25.3) and a previous Caesarean section (OR=11.3) were strongly associated to its performance. CONCLUSION It is necessary to properly orientate all pregnant women who desire a Caesarean delivery, from both the SUS and the private system, about the inherent risks of the surgical procedure without indication. In the public health sector, guidelines should be focused on pregnant women with previous Caesarean delivery, with a per capita income higher than one minimum wage and those who are overweight or obese, as these women are more likely to have a Caesarean section.

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women. The objective of this study was to analyze time trends in overall mortality from breast cancer in Brazil, Brazilian regions and States. This is an exploratory study, of the time series of deaths from breast cancer contained in the Mortality Information System (SIM), of women living in Brazil, Brazilian regions and States, from 1996 to 2013. For the trend analysis, the polynomial regression model was used, and a significant trend was considered when the estimated model obtained a p value <0.05. There was a tendency of increased mortality from breast cancer in Brazilian women (average increase of 0.18 per year; p <0.001), with regional differences, particularly in the age group 20–49 years (0.07 per year; p <0.001). The age group 50–69 years remained constant but had high average rates (37.14). More effective planning is needed to focus on the different scenarios of the Brazilian regions. Screening strategies for the incidence and mortality from breast cancer must also be rethought according to age group in the country.